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Electronics is knowledge intensive industry which is also a dynamic industry with global character. Electronics has an all important role in a country’s development process today and it can be called a fundamental component in modern technology, so much so that, a country’s technological progress is assessed on the basis of its capabilities in this area.
A strong and competitive electronics industry also characterizes fast growing economies. Electronics plays a catalytic role in enhancing production and productivity in key sectors of the economy, whether it relates to infrastructure, process industries, communication or even manpower training. High tech areas today heavily dependent on electronics.
The field of electronics is conventionally classified into consumer, industrial, defense, communications and information processing sectors. In recent times medical, electronics and systems for transportation and power utilities have become important segments on their own.
In advanced countries, the electronic sector is contributing nearly seven percent of the GDP. But among all parts of electronics, consumer electronics is the oldest sector which began with the development of radio receivers after the invention of the triode.
This field has expanded remarkably in the last few years with the development of items like compact disc players, digital audio tape, and microwave oven and satellite television reception systems. Whereas Industry electronics is oriented towards manufacturing products required by modern industry- process control equipment, numerically controlled machinery and robots equipment for testing and measurement. Advanced infrastructure in material science and sophisticated electronic are both relevant for defence field.
Defence electronics is strategic, of course and it also has valuable spin-offs to offer industry. Bharat Electronics Limited, a defence funded organization, has contributed much to the development of the transistor and television in India.
Communications electronic is a rapidly growing field with much scope for innovation and industrial application-and communications equipment have also benefited immensely from the development of efficient semiconductor lasers, optical fibre technology, digital techniques and powerful micro processors.
The present era of Information Technology is also heavily dependent on electronics. The intergraded circuit is the base of computers which are in turn used for designing better very large scale integrated circuits particularly micro processors and memories. Better computers again help to improve communication systems. In the medical field electronics has made possible the ECG recorder as well as the NMK scanner and other “measurement equipment.
Compared to the advanced countries or even the burgeoning economies of the South-East Asian countries, our electronics industry is at embryonic stage. The electronics industry in India goes back to the 1940s and it was the introduction of transistor radio in the early sixties that began a steady growth phase in this sector. Further, the Department of Electronic was set up in 1971.
In 1984 India entered the large scale integrated and very large scale integrated circuits era. However, the progress has not been rapid enough to meet the competition on an international market. But the efforts of the government in matters like creation of capacity, fiscal aspects, import policy etc, have helped in the growth of electronics industry. Consequently, the industry has also got diversified and a wide variety of products were made available both for consumers as well as for professional applications.
Electronics therefore is very crucial in the context of tackling the national problems. From long term point of view, electronics has a tremendous potential to improve the quality of people. For example, the electronic media can be an effective method of eliminating illiteracy in rural areas.
It can also be helpful in bringing concepts of public hygiene and improving the quality of life of the women and etc. Department of Electronics has been engaged in a programme called ‘ Vivek Darpan”, in which a colour TV set with a VCP is being provided in different villages and programmes are shown regularly which are aimd at removal of illiteracy, advice to woman and etc.
Apart from the socially relevant aspects, a significant impact of electronics is its employment potential especially for women. Electronic is also important in the planned and balanced regional development. This is because it is a relatively a footloose industry and can be located in different parts of the country.
It is therefore obvious that electronic is sectors of industry which is important in the national development efforts and can significantly contribute to the improvement of the quality of the people in our country.
The radioengineering department has all the necessary facilities for studying and research including laboratories equipped with modern devices, computer classrooms. Students are given every opportunity for acquiring profound knowledge of their future speciality to become highly-qualified and competitive specialists in the most perspective spheres of activity.
VII. Find in the text the equivalents of the following phrases. Suggest another word which could be used instead to give the same meaning:
A very perspective science; contemporary society; the increasing significance of electronics; the industrial tendency; all spheres; to increase industrial automation; the fast development; to require a large number of skilled engineers; to conduct an investigation of the most essential problems; on the base of the main specialities; to get profound knowledge; to quality engineers; to be provided with all indispensable means.
VIII. Ask questions to which the following statements could be answers.
a.Electronics has become a powerful means of progress.
b.Electronics techniques are widely used in industry, in space exploration, in communication, in economics.
c.Highly – qualified specialists in the field of radioelectronics are trained at the radioengineering department of SSAU.
d.Engineers are trained in a number of specialities and specializations to meet the requirements of the modern industrial development.
e.The training of engineers allows to gain profound knowledge in the field of modern radioengineering.
IX. Select in the text the terms associated with the sphere of radioengineering. Try to explain them and use in your own sentences and situations.
X.Express your views on the role of electronics in modern society and its perspectives in future. Do you agree that electronics is one of the most promising sciences and its importance will increase in future? Supply your
opinion with arguments, proofs and facts.
XI. Make a presentation of your department concentrating on the quality of the training, a variety of facilities it provides to attract prospective students.
XII. Read the text and discuss the basic phenomena of electronics.
Electronics is the field of science and engineering dealing with the release1, transport, control, collection, and energy conversion of subatomic particles having mass and charge (such as electrons) acting in materials with known electromagnetic properties, e.g., vacuum, gases, or semiconductors. The charged particles are called charge carriers.
The phenomena of electronics depend upon the number of participating charge carries, their dynamic activity, and the properties of the environment in which the charges act. The charge carries are usually electrons, but they may be holes or positive or negative ions. The dynamic activity of charge carriers results from the force and
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recoverable2 energy needed to release them from atoms to produce their displacement3, velocity or acceleration in accordance with the principles of relativistic quantum mechanics. The properties of the environment depend upon the composition, structure and changes in energy levels of atoms composing the substance through which charge carriers pass.
The basic principles of electronics are the same as those of electricity and magnetism. Electricity is any manifestation4 of energy conversion of charge carriers that initiates or yields5 forces producing displacement, velocity or acceleration in the direction of their movement. Magnetism is any manifestation of the kinetic energy of charge carriers arising from or producing forces in a direction perpendicular to their motion. The principles of electronics and electromagnetism are built upon the physical entities6 of mass, length, time, electric charge (or current), temperature, amount of substance and luminous intensity7.
The primary differences between electronics and electromagnetism lie in their applications. Compared with the traditional field of electromagnetism, electronics makes possible devices having much greater degree of control over the instantaneous8, rather than the average, movement of charges during transport, and the control of charges can be exceedingly9 rapid. Active election devices require an external source of power to maintain their electrodes at suitable operating voltages and currents. Electron devices are also, for the most part, nonlinear elements whose output voltages and current are disproportionately related to their input counterparts10. At the expense11 of power from an external supply, many electron devices can provide at their output terminals an amplified version of the voltage, current, or power supplied to their input terminals.
Originally electronics dealt with the conduction of electricity in vacuum or gaseous tubes12. Since the invention of the transistor in 1948 conduction through crystalline semiconductors (solid – state conduction) has virtually13 dominated the field, and thermionic electron tubes have played a role of diminishing14 importance except for applications requiring high power.
Notes to the text
1.release n., v. – о (вы-) свобождение
о(вы-) свобождать
2.recoverable – возместимый, восстанавливаемый
3.displacement – смещение, сдвиг
4.manifestation – проявление, обнаружение
5.to yield – производить; приносить, давать что-либо
6.entity – нечто реально существующее; сущность, существо
7.luminous intensity – сила света
8.instantaneous – мгновенный, моментальный
9.exceedingly – чрезвычайно, крайне
10.counterpart – двойник, копия
11.at the expense – за счет чего-либо, ценою чего-либо
12.gaseous tube – лампа с газовым наполнением
13.virtually – фактически; по существу, на деле 14.diminishing – уменьшающийся, убывающий
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XIII. Find in the text the English equivalents of the following Russian phrases
Высвобождение, перемещение, управление, сбор и преобразование энергии субатомных частиц; материалы с известными электромагнитными свойствами; явления электроники; динамическая активность носителей заряда; принципы релятивистской квантовой механики; состав, структура и изменения энергетических уровней атомов; любое проявление преобразования энергии носителей заряда; физические сущности массы, длины, времени, заряда, температуры, количества вещества и силы света; поддерживать электроды на соответствующем уровне рабочих напряжений и тока; усиленную величину напряжения, тока или мощности, подаваемых на входные терминалы; применения, требующие высокой мощности.
XIV. State if the following problems are discussed in the text.
1.Definition of electronics.
2.Dependence of the phenomena of electronics on the properties of the environment.
3.The properties of charge carriers.
4.Dependence of the environment on the electromagnetic field.
5.The similarity and difference between the basic principles of electronics and electricity and magnetism.
6.Advantages and drawbacks of electron devices.
7.The great importance of thermionic electron tubes in modern electronics.
XV. Divide the text into logical parts and entitle them. Write an outline of the text. Speak on the basic phenomena and basic principles of electronics according to your outline.
XVI. Match the term from the list with corresponding definitions and descriptions given below.
Voltage, electric conduction, charge release, charge transport, energy conversion.
1.Once mobile charges are released from their host material, they may be set into motion and given kinetic energy by means of an applied electric field. A magnetic field can be used to accelerate charge carriers in a direction perpendicular to that of their velocity.
2.The amount of energy per charge between two points, whether due to separation of charges (as in electrostatics) or to changes of energy in dynamic processes. A drop of this value exists when the energy of charges in diminished as charges do work. A value rise exists when the energy of charges in increased by some source of energy that does work on them. The total value rise is equal to the total value drop when values are measured in the same direction around a closed loop.
3.The transmission of charge carriers through, or by means of, electric conductors. The conductors may be in the solid liquid or gaseous state each of which exhibits different mechanisms of charge transfer. The atomic structure of materials greatly influences the facility with which charges can
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Electronics have become present in every house, and their use has become very versatile and indispensable, electronics are at the heart of human life from the simplest things he uses and ending with the most complex, such as television, radio, digital cameras, cars, airplanes, medical devices, refrigerator, microwave, computers, and many other devices that are not limited, and electronics are characterized by many advantages, and have some drawbacks,
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The benefits of electronics in our lives have saved people a lot of time, effort and money, because they mostly use savings systems. It made people’s lives easier, smoother and more vibrant, and reduced distances between nations, such as the use of mobile phones and personal computers. It facilitated communication between individuals, communities and countries, deepened dialogue and approached languages, many of which relyed on translation features. You’ve given people a way to have fun and entertainment, through the online gaming apps you’ve given people to practice on electronic devices any time they want. It provided an easy way to educate people, and made communication between teacher and student very easy. Developed from the medical process and facilitated the means of treatment for patients, and contributed to the success of medical operations and performed with ease, speed and mastery. Contributed to maintaining security and security and detecting crimes through surveillance cameras. Contributed to reducing traffic accidents through light signals, speed controls and radars. Helped detect fires, thefts, security breaches and smuggling through early warning devices.
Contributed to the development of industry and factories and the development of modern networks that contribute to the development of various machines. Electronics are negative and need to know in advance how they are used, as many people are unaware of how to use the correct electronic devices. It is constantly damaged and needs maintenance. It reduced direct visual and audio communication between people and made their great reliance on communication through devices, which increased social isolation. It caused the spread of many bad habits such as stealing individuals’ personal data and hacking into privacy. Electricity is highly consumed, increasing the burden of paying energy bills. It consumes a lot of time in its use, and it needs continuous development and modernization, as it has distracted students from their lessons and prevented their interaction with their peers. The gap between developed and developing countries has increased, as the production and use of electronics in some countries is significant, and in others very little, which has contributed to creating a real gap between societies. It has replaced human beings in many ways, increasing unemployment.
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Представлено сочинение на английском языке Технологии в нашей жизни/ Technologies in Our Life с переводом на русский язык.
Technologies in Our Life | Технологии в нашей жизни |
People can hardly imagine their lives without modern technologies nowadays. It is almost impossible to go out without a mobile phone or an MP3 player, for example. These devices have become an important part of our life. Moreover, almost every day either a new technology is being invented or an old one is being improved. To stay up-to-date people keep buying newer items. Soon our houses and work places will look like electronic stores. | В настоящее время люди с трудом представляют свою жизнь без современных технологий. Почти невозможно выйти из дома, например, без мобильного телефона или MP3-плеера. Эти устройства стали важной частью нашей жизни. Кроме того, почти каждый день изобретаются новые технологии или совершенствуется уже существующие. Чтобы идти в ногу со временем, люди покупают новинки. Вскоре наши дома и рабочие места будет выглядеть как магазины электроники. |
Technology is all around us. First of all, we need it for work. All modern offices are equipped with computers, scanners, printers, and other useful machines. One of the most important devices today is the wi-fi modem as it provides Internet. Secondly, technologies surround us at home, in cars and everywhere. It includes TVs, radios, refrigerators, vacuum-cleaners, washing machines, CD-players, e-books, cameras and else. Perhaps, the most important thing about technological progress is that it allows us to do many things which would be impossible without it. For example, we can communicate with friends from other countries with the help of computers. We can even see them and have a live conversation. | Технологии окружают нас повсюду. Прежде всего, они нужны для работы. Все современные офисы оснащены компьютерами, сканерами, принтерами и другими полезными машинами. Одним из самых важных устройств сегодня является Wi-Fi модем, поскольку он обеспечивает Интернет. Во-вторых, технологии окружают нас дома, в автомобилях и повсеместно. Это включает в себя телевизоры, радиоприемники, холодильники, пылесосы, стиральные машины, CD-плееры, электронные книги, фотоаппараты и т.д. Пожалуй, самая важная вещь в техническом прогрессе – это то, что он позволяет нам делать многие вещи, которые были бы невозможны без него. Например, мы можем общаться с друзьями из других стран с помощью компьютеров. Мы даже можем видеть их и общаться в реальном времени. |
There are many people who are against new technologies. In my opinion, technological progress has made our lives more interesting and bright. Thanks to computers and Internet I find more educational resources. Such electronic items as vacuum-cleaner, washing machine, microwave, dish washer, blender and some others have made my mum’s life easier. So I’m sure that new technologies are for good. | Есть люди, которые выступают против новых технологий. На мой взгляд, технический прогресс сделал нашу жизнь более интересной и яркой. Благодаря компьютерам и Интернету я нахожу много дополнительных образовательных ресурсов. Такая электроника, как пылесос, стиральная машина, микроволновая печь, посудомоечная машина, блендер и некоторые другие предметы, облегчили жизнь моей маме. Так что я уверен, что новые технологии к лучшему. |
In conclusion, I’d like to say, that technological progress continues and it moves rather fast. Thus, I think that soon we will live in ‘smart’ houses with robots doing all housework instead of us. | В заключение я хотел бы сказать, что технологический прогресс продолжается, и он движется довольно быстро. Таким образом, я думаю, что скоро мы будем жить в «умных» домах с роботами, которые будут делать все вместо нас. |
Обновлено: 31.03.2023
1. Many scientists believe at present that mankind has entered the era of a new technological revolution which was brought about by the advent of cybernetics, whose ideas and methods found their way into actually all branches of science and engineering, all the way from biology and medicine to economy and industrial management.
2. Electronics is one of the main sciences, which forms the technological basis for using these new methods. Electronics studies the problems connected with the application of instruments and devices, the action of which is based on the utilization of various phenomena that result from the movement of electrons through vacuum, gases and solid bodies.
3. Electronics surround us everywhere. Television, tape-recording, radio-receiving — electronics is at the heart of them all. But that is only a small part of electronics and not the most important at that. Extremely complicated electronic systems control the work of huge plants, enterprises and power stations. Electronic appliances are indispensable for planning and controlling our national economy. Electronic computers are widely used in scientific research and industrial designing. Huge radio-telescopes, equipped with sensitive instruments and powerful amplifiers enable man to gain an insight into the remotest corners of space, discover new and puzzling phenomena of nature.
4. Now mankind is in the second decade of the cosmic era. It was in 1957 that the first man-made satellite was launched in our country, and now man has already set his foot on the Moon, sends probes to distant planets and orbits the earth in space vehicles. All this could not have been done but for electronics.
5. Electronic computers calculate the trajectories of spaceships, help prepare, launch and monitor the rockets that carry the most complicated and sophisticated equipment. Radio-electronic systems ensure reliable communication with space probes at distances amounting to scores of millions of kilometers, relay telephotos of distant planets. Hundreds of electronic devices perform various tasks on board every satellite and spaceship. It may be said that in the near future electronics will surely make great strides and help the humanity gain new victories in science and engineering.
advent – приход, прибытие
actually – фактически, в сущности
appliance – прибор, устройство
indispensable – необходимый, обязательный
Exercises to the texts:
Ex.15 Review questions:
1. What was the result of the advent of cybernetics? 2. What is electronics?
3. What do electronic systems control? 4. Where are electronic computers used?
5. What enables man to gain an insight in to the remotest corners of space?
6. When was the first man made satellite launched? 7.In what way are electronic computers used in scientific space research? 8.What do radio-electronic systems ensure?
Early electric vehicles may have appeared as early as 1830. Scottish inventor Robert Davidson constructed the world’s first prototype electric vehicle in 1837, but historians generally credit J.K. Starley, an English inventor, and Fred M. Kimball of Boston with building the first practical electric cars in 1888. Later in the in the decade, William Morrison of Des Moines, Iowa, constructed his version of the electric vehicle in 1891. His vehicle required 24 storage battery cells, took 10 hours to charge, and could run for 13 hours. It could carry up to 12 people and had a 4-horsepower motor. His car could reach speeds up to 14 miles per hour. Morrison, however, never mass-produced his vehicle. The first commercially produced electric vehicle was the Electrobat. It was manufactured by Philadelphia-based Morris and Salom Company. In 1896, the Woods Motor Vehicle Company of Chicago became the first American manufacturer of electric cars.
The Electrobat was one of several electric cars, which competed in a race sponsored by Illinois publisher H.H. Kohlsaat. He had challenged inventors to come up with a car that could travel the distance from Chicago to Evanston and back (58 miles). Electric cars and gas cars competed against each other in this competition. Although none of the cars performed in an especially notable manner, the electric cars failed miserably. It seemed that the slushy country roads generated a great deal of friction, which drained the strength of the batteries quickly.
Shortly after the Kohlsaat race, Thomas Edison said he believed gasoline, not electricity, would provide the dominant power source for the automobile of the future. “As it looks at the present,” he said, “it would seem more likely that (the cars) will be run by a gasoline or naphtha motor of some kind. It is quite possible. However, that an electric storage battery will be discovered which will prove more economical, but at the present the gasoline or naphtha motor looks more promising. It is only a question of a short time carriages and trucks in every large city will be run on motors.” Thomas Edison seemed to predict the future.
Even so, in 1904 one-third of all the cars in New York City, Chicago, and Boston were electrically powered. By 1912, there were 20,000 electric cars and 10,000 electric busses and trucks were on the road in the United States. Only a handful of manufactures, notably Baker and Detroit Electric, made it into the 1930’s. Former President Woodrow Wilson owned one of the most elegant cars of the period, a 1918 Milburn Electric.
In the 1960’s and 1970’s a handful of electric car manufactures started to reappear because of the increasing concern about air pollution and a depleting supplies of petroleum. In the late 1970’s and 1980’s, manufactures started developing electric cars called hybrids. These cars have all the components of the electric cars plus an internal-combustion engine. In the late 1980’s, one of the most e technologically advanced electric cars was the Sunraycer, developed by General Motors Corporation. This experimental car used solar energy to recharge its batteries.
More recently, in 1996, General Motors Corporation announced the first modern, mass-produced car designed specifically as an electric car. Also in 1996, the Honda Motor Company introduced another electric car, the first with nickel-metal hydride batteries, for sale in the United States. Italian automaker, Fiat, announced it will begin making vehicles with a new, standard-sized battery based on a European standard in 1996.
An electric car has a battery and a controller, connected to the accelerator pedal, for directing the flow of electricity between the battery and motor. Most electric cars use lead-acid batteries, but new types of batteries, including zinc-chlorine, nickel metal hydride, and sodium-sulfur, are in the works. The motor of an electric car harnesses the battery’s electrical energy by converting it to kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is the energy that makes the car move. The driver simply switches on the power, selects “Forward” or “Reverse” with another switch, and steps on the accelerator pedal.
While the internal-combustion engine of a conventional car has many moving parts, an electric motor has only a single rotating element. Like a gasoline-powered car, an electric car has a system, called a power train, of gears, shafts, and joints that transmit motion from the motor directly to the car’s wheels. This system eliminates the need for clutches or multispeed transmissions. The driver uses an electronic controller to control the rate at which energy flows from the batteries to the motor. In order to go backward, the flow of electricity through the motor is reversed, changing the rotation of the motor and causing the power train to make the wheels go in the reverse direction.
Most electric cars have a regenerative braking system. That means the friction that builds up in the brakes charge up the battery. When drives take their feet from the accelerator, the motor acts as a generator and converts the energy caused by the movement of the vehicle back into electricity and stores it in the battery. Converting the kinetic energy into electric energy slows the car. Electric cars also have a brake pedal and a traditional braking system that slows the vehicle by stopping the wheels from turning, for quick emergency stopping.
The future for electric cars looks to be a bright one. This is because of California’s zero-emissions policy, which has been adopted by several other states. The nations electric vehicle population is due to explode by the end of the decade. According to a study by the coalition, 65,364 new electric vehicles will be available for sale in 2000 in California, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York. (The latter 5 states will also have will have identical emissions policies as California.) The annual total of new electronics in those states is scheduled to rise to 175,910 in the year 2002 and to 352,320 in 2003.
Also experts are looking at alternative sources for batteries. Some experts feel hydrogen fuel cells will be the dominant motor vehicle power source. The fuels cells convert hydrogen (an element in virtually limitless supply) directly into electricity without burning it to produce heat. Vehicles that are powered by hydrogen will be 3 times as energy-efficient as compared to gasoline-burning internal combustion engines. These cars will also be “squeaky-clean” because hydrogen powered vehicles only emit water vapor as exhaust.
Another alternative source for batteries contain thin sheets of plastic called proton-exchange membranes (PEMs). These separate hydrogen ions from electrons during operation. This type of battery seems to be the best suited for motor vehicle travel. This battery could yield a fuel cell that is light, compact and inexpensive to produce on a mass basis. Sam Romano, project manager of the fuel-cell program at Georgetown says PEM technology is “perhaps 10 to 12 years away from broad commercial application.”
In all the motor vehicle market of the future is likely to feature several different fueling systems. “There’s going to be a role for all of the technologies.” Says Gloria Quinn, a spokes-woman for the Edison Electric Institute, which represents investor-owned electric power companies and electric utility holding companies. “Electric vehicles, in terms of light-duty trucks, cars and vans, make a great deal of sense. But for heavy-duty trucks, the battery technology just isn’t there at all.” Consequently, says Quinn, “Despite the environmental advantages of electric vehicles, other alternative fuel technologies will remain on the scene – and even dominate certain vehicle markets.”
There are many advantages to driving an electric car. First, they produce no exhaust pollutants, so their widespread use could reduce air pollution. Second, they use batteries so they do not consume petroleum resources. Third, electric cars are quiet. This would decrease the amount of noise pollution in congested areas. Fourth, their batteries can be recharged while the owner is home or at work. This would avoid stopping at gas stations to refuel. Finally, electric cars are more efficient than gasoline powered cars.
The chief disadvantage of electric cars is that they can travel only about 100 miles before their batteries must be recharged. Also, the batteries for an electric car are very expensive and must be replaced two or three times during the life of the vehicle. Since the batteries must fit into a small space, they can only store a limited amount of energy. Electric cars also have a below average acceleration. Most of them can only reach speeds of 62 miles per hour. They also do not have the ability to cruise or climb fast enough to compete with gasoline-powered cars and accessories, such as air condition or radios, drain the battery even more quickly. Another problem is the power required to recharge their batteries is generated at the same electric power plants that provide electricity for cities and towns.
Dietz, Diane. The Register Guard “Manufacturers Test the Market with Electric Cars” Eugene Oregon :1999.
Haverdink, William. World Book Multimedia Encyclopedia “Electric Car”: Chicago.
Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia 99. “Electric cars” 1998: Microsoft Corporation.
Our world develops very fast. Every year new technologies come to our life and we have to follow them. It is important to know how to use them because our life becomes easier and more comfortable with them.
Old generation can not understand all these things. They get used to call by house phone, to wash the clothes with hands and so on. But thanks to new technologies today we have washing and coffee machines, mobile phones and vacuum cleaners. But I will not be surprised if in 50 years I will also have doubts about technologies of that time.
Still today I would like to use all of them. The last thing that I have heard about is a robot. Actually different robots for different assignments. Scientists have made robots to help old people to move and to serve them, to clean houses and to play with children. These technologies are really useful today and in future. The technologies that help and make our life easier are always important and useful.
Another great technology is a coffee machine. But the one that can prepare all kind of coffee, has different regimes and can control even the time.
Headphones, computers and mobile phones also make our life so much easier. Thank to them we can do few things at the same time. We are able to communicate with our friends and family even if they are far away.
New technologies come out very often. Sometime we don’t even pay attention because we get used to the old things. Like iPhone produces new models of the phones every year. But the difference between them is not so big.
People have to be more flexible. Then we can manage with any new thing that comes to our life. It’s important if you use it regularly your life can really change and to become better.
Технологии в нашей жизни
Мы живем в XXI веке, и технологии нас окружают. Хорошо это или плохо? Давайте думать.
Первое, что приходит в голову, технологии – это прекрасно. Они упрощают нашу жизнь. Например, сейчас существует много бытовых приборов, которые помогают нам готовить, резать и мыть за меньшее время, чем 20 лет назад. Ведение домашнего хозяйства занимает теперь значительно меньше времени. И это справедливо для многих сфер нашей жизни.
Технологии помогают нам всегда оставаться на связи. У большинства теперь есть смартфон, с помощью которого они выходят в интернет, делятся новостями с друзьями и родственниками, где бы те ни находились. Сегодня очень просто получить доступ к нужной информации, что помогает как в обучении, так и в бизнесе. Существует множество ресурсов, позволяющих обучатся дома, есть возможность поступить в иностранный университет, не уезжая из родной страны.
Конечно, нужно отметить и технологии, используемые в медицине. Они помогают спасать жизни людей и улучшать качество жизни тех, кто пострадал в результате несчастного случая или родился с отклонениями. Технологии позволяют нам путешествовать, тратя все меньше времени. Список преимуществ, которые дают нам технологии, можно продолжать довольно долго.
I think modern technologies can be dangerous at some extent for people because humanity become too dependent on it. We and our children too dependent on how will work smart appliances . But , it isn’t always healthy to use them for a long time. Sitting long hours in front of the computer leads to eyesight and back problems. Cell phones contain negative vibes that affect human organism. However any car could break down. And what happens then? The world was plunged into chaos.
In conclusion, I’d like to say that technological progress can be dangerous at some extent for humanity and for surrounding nature too.
Определить язык Клингонский Клингонский (pIqaD) азербайджанский албанский английский арабский армянский африкаанс баскский белорусский бенгальский болгарский боснийский валлийский венгерский вьетнамский галисийский греческий грузинский гуджарати датский зулу иврит игбо идиш индонезийский ирландский исландский испанский итальянский йоруба казахский каннада каталанский китайский китайский традиционный корейский креольский (Гаити) кхмерский лаосский латынь латышский литовский македонский малагасийский малайский малайялам мальтийский маори маратхи монгольский немецкий непали нидерландский норвежский панджаби персидский польский португальский румынский русский себуанский сербский сесото словацкий словенский суахили суданский тагальский тайский тамильский телугу турецкий узбекский украинский урду финский французский хауса хинди хмонг хорватский чева чешский шведский эсперанто эстонский яванский японский Клингонский Клингонский (pIqaD) азербайджанский албанский английский арабский армянский африкаанс баскский белорусский бенгальский болгарский боснийский валлийский венгерский вьетнамский галисийский греческий грузинский гуджарати датский зулу иврит игбо идиш индонезийский ирландский исландский испанский итальянский йоруба казахский каннада каталанский китайский китайский традиционный корейский креольский (Гаити) кхмерский лаосский латынь латышский литовский македонский малагасийский малайский малайялам мальтийский маори маратхи монгольский немецкий непали нидерландский норвежский панджаби персидский польский португальский румынский русский себуанский сербский сесото словацкий словенский суахили суданский тагальский тайский тамильский телугу турецкий узбекский украинский урду финский французский хауса хинди хмонг хорватский чева чешский шведский эсперанто эстонский яванский японский Источник: Цель:
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Современные технологии имеют важное значение во всем мире. В настоящее время люди не могут себе представить свою жизнь без его. Это повсюду в повседневной жизни.Никто не помыть одежду вручную. Все имеют мобильный телефон. LL современные офисы оснащены компьютерами, сканеры, принтеры и другими автоматическими машинами. Стремительный рост Интернета является реальностью нашей жизни. Я думаю, что современные технологии могут быть опасны в некоторой степени для людей, потому что человечество слишком зависит от него. Мы и наши дети тоже зависит как будет работать смарт-устройств. Но это не всегда здоров, чтобы использовать их в течение длительного времени. Сидя долгие часы перед компьютером приводит к проблемам зрение и обратно. Мобильные телефоны содержат отрицательные флюиды, которые влияют на организм человека. Однако любой автомобиль может сломать. И что происходит потом? Мир погрузился в хаос. Кто-то уверен, что новые технологии для блага. Благодаря компьютерам и Интернету, мы можем найти больше образовательных ресурсов. Такие электронные предметы, как пылесос, Стиральная машина, Микроволновая печь, Посудомоечная машина, блендер и некоторые другие сделали нашу жизнь проще. Это правда. Я не против новых технологий. На мой взгляд все должно быть в меру. В настоящее время современный мир слишком сильно полагается на технологии.В заключение я хотел бы сказать, что технический прогресс может быть опасным в некоторой степени для человечества и окружающей природы тоже.
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Результаты (русский ) 2:
Современные технологии имеют большое значение значение во всем мире. В настоящее время люди не могут себе представить свою жизнь без его. Она повсюду в повседневной жизни. Никто не моет одежду вручную. Все есть мобильный телефон. Л.Л. современные офисы оснащены компьютерами, сканерами, принтерами и другими автоматическими машинами. Стремительный взлет Интернета это реальность нашей жизни.
Я думаю, что современные технологии могут быть опасны в какой — то степени для людей, потому что человечество становится слишком зависимым от него. Мы и наши дети тоже зависит от того, как будут работать умные приборы. Но, это не всегда здоровым, чтобы использовать их в течение длительного времени. Сидя долгие часы в передней части компьютера приводит к зрению и проблемы со спиной. Сотовые телефоны содержат негативные вибрации, которые влияют на человеческий организм. Однако любой автомобиль может сломаться. А что происходит потом? Мир погрузился в хаос.
Кто — то уверен, что новые технологии для блага. Благодаря компьютерам и Интернету мы можем найти больше образовательных ресурсов. Такие электронные элементы, как пылесос, стиральная машина, микроволновая печь, посудомоечная машина, блендер и некоторые другие сделали нашу жизнь проще. Это правда.
Я не против новых технологий. На мой взгляд, все должно быть в меру. В наши дни современный мир слишком сильно полагается на технологии.
В заключение я хотел бы сказать, что технологический прогресс может быть опасным в той или иной степени для человечества и для окружающей природы тоже. Такие электронные элементы, как пылесос, стиральная машина, микроволновая печь, посудомоечная машина, блендер и некоторые другие сделали нашу жизнь проще. Это правда. Я не против новых технологий. На мой взгляд, все должно быть в меру. В наши дни современный мир слишком сильно полагается на технологии. В заключение я хотел бы сказать, что технологический прогресс может быть опасным в той или иной степени для человечества и для окружающей природы тоже. Такие электронные элементы, как пылесос, стиральная машина, микроволновая печь, посудомоечная машина, блендер и некоторые другие сделали нашу жизнь проще. Это правда. Я не против новых технологий. На мой взгляд, все должно быть в меру. В наши дни современный мир слишком сильно полагается на технологии. В заключение я хотел бы сказать, что технологический прогресс может быть опасным в той или иной степени для человечества и для окружающей природы тоже.
Сочинение на английском языке Современные технологии/ Modern Technology с переводом на русский язык бесплатно
На английском языке. Modern Technology Nobody would deny the importance of modern technology. It has made life easier and better in many ways. The best definition of technology is science applied to practical purposes. Due to its rapid development people can use many smart gadgets in everyday life. Most housewives stopped washing the clothes by hand. They don’t even wash the dishes after meal, because the dishwasher can do it for them. Nobody uses the old-fashioned brooms, as there are advanced vacuum-cleaners. All these modern machines have nearly replaced people. However, it is not always good. As any other field in the world, modern technology has its advantages and drawbacks. It is undoubtedly helpful to have smart appliances in the house. They help to deal with household chores. It is also good to have such gadgets as laptop, MP3 player, smartphone, iphone, camera, headphones, printer, scanner, tablet etc. Today, people simply can’t imagine life without these machines. However, it isn’t always healthy to use them for a long time. Sitting long hours in front of the computer leads to eyesight and back problems. Cell phones contain negative vibes that affect human organism. So, many health specialists are against the excessive use of cell phones. Household appliances and machines that make people’s life easier often lead to idleness and obesity. Modern offices are full of self-operating machines. That’s why some jobs are disappearing and people stay unemployed. In conclusion, I’d like to say that technological progress can be dangerous at some extent. Even surrounding nature suffers from scientific advances.
Перевод на русский язык. Современные технологии
Наука придумала массу интересного и полезного. От биоматериалов до искусственной руки. От искусственной почки до контактных линз, которые тренируют ночью глазные мышцы. От скоростных самолетов до скоростных электричек, что экономят время. От электронных библиотек, онлайн-университетов и курсов до продвинутых установок глубокого бурения земной коры. Современные технологии призваны служить человечеству, помогать ему достигать еще больших высот.
Сейчас перед современными технологиями стоит задача находить действенные способы очищения окружающей среды, переработки мусора. Также очень нужны разработки альтернативных источников энергии, потому что запасы нефти, газа и угля в мире исчерпаемы. А ведь на них построена мировая экономика. Вскорости все равно придется найти им замену.
Технологии, созданные самими талантливыми людьми, могут приносить пользу, а могу т и вред. Смотря как ими пользоваться. С помощью смартфона, например, можно разводить сплетни. Можно не вылезать сутками из компьютерных стрелялок. Каждой технологией надо пользоваться с умом и пониманием ее настоящей пользы.
Уровень В. Прочее
Новые технологии
Наш мир развивается очень быстро. Каждый год на рынке появляются новые технологии и изобретения, а мы должны следовать им и понять их. Очень важно знать, как использовать их, ведь наша жизнь станет в разы легче и удобнее.
Старое поколение не может понять все эти штучки. Они привыкли звонить по домашнему телефону, стирать одежду руками и многое другое. Но благодаря новым технологиям сегодня у нас есть стиральная и кофе машина, мобильные телефоны и пылесосы. Но я не удивлюсь, если через 50 лет я тоже буду странно посматривать на новые технологии того времени.
И все же сегодня я с удовольствием пользуюсь всеми новинками. Последняя вещь, о которой я слышала, это роботы. Вообще разные роботы имеют разное предназначение. Ученые создали роботов, чтобы помогать пожилым людям передвигаться, убирать дома и даже играть с детьми. Эти технологии очень полезны и сегодня, и в будущем. А вообще те изобретения, которые облегчают нашу жизнь, всегда важны и полезны.
Ещё одна замечательная технология- это кофе машиныа. Но именно та, которая готовит разные виды кофе, имеет несколько режимов и может контролировать даже время.
Наушники, компьютеры и мобильные телефоны тоже очень облегчают нашу жизнь. Благодаря им мы можем делать несколько дел одновременно. Мы можем общаться с нашими друзьями и семьей даже, если они находятся далеко.
Новые технологии появляются очень часто. Порой мы даже не обращаем внимание, ведь уже привыкли к тому, что имеем. Так, например, айфоны создают новые модели телефонов каждый год. Но разница между ними не особо велика.
Эссе / Техника будущего (Эссе)
Техника будущего
Пока вы читаете этот текст – идёт время. Оно необратимо двигается вперёд, причём в независимости, делаете вы что-нибудь или, например, просто спите. Вы можете провести время с пользой, а можете потратить его зря, не оставив даже приятных воспоминаний о нём, однако необратимо будете двигаться вперёд, вместе с ним. Но это не означает, что будущее в наше время должно восприниматься просто как неизбежное тиканье часов. Большая его часть связана как раз с людьми, которые сами добиваются его пришествия. Ежесекундно во всём мире, громадными усилиями, своим умом и смекалкой учёные делают новые открытия, изобретатели придумывают новшества, проделывается огромная работа.
В последнее время скорость развития человечества достигла необычайных масштабов. Это достигнуто за счёт развития информационных технологий. Информация повсюду. Её объёмы растут очень быстро. Обмен и поиск информации сегодня не проблема. Это приводит к глобализации. Вся планета может работать на благо себе как единое целое, хотя этот уровень, ещё, мягко сказать, не достигнут. Те вещи, к которым мы привыкли сейчас, в далёком прошлом чаще всего могли восприниматься лишь как плод красивой фантазии. Какие же открытия ждут нас в будущем и как будет выглядеть быт обычного человека? Представляя будущее можно заглянуть на десять лет вперёд, а можно и на тысячу. Этот вопрос очень занимательный, позволяет включить своё воображение, но в то же время, очевидно, мы не сможем точно предсказать и малейшую часть новых открытий.
Какие же сферы жизни буду затронуты в ближайшем будущем…
На улице предметы общественных мест будут реагировать на окружающую среду. Так, компанией Philips уже разработаны сидения, светящиеся различным образом, в зависимости от ритма окружающих их жизни и интенсивности их использования.
Техника становится меньше, тоньше и функциональнее. К примеру небольшой виртуальный альбом сможет хранить несметное количество фотографий и видеозаписей и позволять моментально обмениваться ими с кем угодно. Изображение можно будет проецировать в любое место. В том числе разрабатываются технологии, за счёт которых образы будут плавающими прямо в воздухе перед наблюдателем.
Что бы очистить воду достаточно будет выпить её через маленькую трубочку, похожую на обычную.
Большое место займут приборы, меняющие свою форму. Уже создан такой телефон, который можно носить на запястье, как часы, можно распрямить и сделать очень тонким, можно выставить на стол в виде причудливой фигуры, а можно прикрепить к уху, выгнул в замысловатую форму — в зависимости от того, как его используют.
В одной устройстве в форме ручки смогут быть совмещены мобильный телефон с функцией рукописного ввода, виртуальная клавиатура, проектор, сканер и заодно электронное удостоверение личности с беспроводным доступом к интернету. При потере его можно будет легко найти, а при поломке восстановить всю информацию с глобальной сети.
А что если заглянуть далеко в будущее…
Безусловно, самое значительно открытие ожидающееся в будущем, это искусственный интеллект. Так называемое нейросети, имитирующие работу мозга, сейчас бурно развиваются. Тогда все приборы смогут думать, принимать решения и в разных условиях действовать по разному. Например транспорт без проблем сможет ездить сам, смогут быть созданы умные роботы.
Так же сюда можно отнести взаимодействие человека с приборами или между собой посредством мысли, а так же внедрение приборов внутрь человека. Общаться можно будет даже без голоса. В этом случае параллельно с этим появится возможность черпать мысли из глобальной сети. Будет сильно пересмотрен вопрос относительно знаний человека, так как они приобретут совершенно новый характер.
Другое важное направление – генетика. Уже сейчас выведены семена деревьев, которые сразу растут в форме кресла и могут быть использованы в доме. Оно прочное и долговечное. Правда эти технологии сейчас очень дорогие.
Если будет возможность влиять на генетику организма, то внешность рождающегося в семье ребёнка можно будет выбирать и корректировать, и так же исключить развитие любых патологий.
Не исключено, что в далёком будущем появится новая профессия, похожая на компьютерных программистов в наше время, но в области генетики. Тогда будет создан сначала низкий уровень программирования новых организмов, затем более высокие, за счёт которых можно будет в короткие сроки создавать совершенно новые невероятно сложные организмы, отвечающие требованиям человека. Так станет возможным сразу выращивать, к примеру, любую мебель. Возможно люди модифицируют сами себя, создадут себе иммунитет к болезням и добавят возможности регенерации или, ещё серьёзнее, отключат механизмы старения. Последнее, правда, повлечёт за собой непредсказуемую реакцию всего общества и глобальные проблемы. Возможно даже будет время, когда рождение новых людей будет запрещено, и каждый человек сможет жить сколь угодно долго. Все живущие будут очень умными и опытными, хотя и сложно сказать о возникающих психологических проблемах. Добавляя сюда уже сказанные возможности вживления техники в человека, создание киборгов, кардинально изменит образ жизни людей. Уже они сами будут управляют собой, а не природа.
Развитие техники в дальнейшем позволит покорять просторы космоса и так далее…
Но всё это лишь предположение… Что будет происходить на самом деле, покажет только время.
Файл «ИНОСТРАННЫЙ ЯЗЫК В ТЕХНИЧЕСКОМ УНИВЕРСИТЕТЕ» внутри архива находится в папке «Учебник по английскому в формате ворд». Документ из архива «И. В. Орловская, Л. С. Самсонова, А. И. Скубриева — Учебник английского языка», который расположен в категории » «. Всё это находится в предмете «английский язык» из раздела «», которые можно найти в файловом архиве МГТУ им. Н.Э.Баумана. Не смотря на прямую связь этого архива с МГТУ им. Н.Э.Баумана, его также можно найти и в других разделах. Архив можно найти в разделе «книги и методические указания», в предмете «английский язык» в общих файлах.
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Упражнение 29. Заполните пропуски соответствующими формами глагола to have (has, have, had, hasn‘t, haven‘t, hadn‘t).
Упражнение 30. Замените придаточные предложения причастным оборотом.
1. While Boris was driving home, he saw an accident. 2. After we had talked with Peter, we felt much better. 3. When John arrived at the station, he saw the train leave. 4. After he had left the house, he walked to the nearest metro station. 5. When I looked out of the window, I saw Mary coming. 6. As we finished our part of the work, we were free to go home. 7. As Ann had had no time to write us a letter, she sent a telegram.
Упражнение 31. Дайте недостающие формы глаголов, запомните их. driven, learning, said, setting, buy, ridden, break.
Упражнение 32. Прочитайте и переведите без словаря.
A new vacuum-controlled constant velocity carburetor developed by an American company offers several advantages over ordinary carburetors, including 25 per cent gasoline economy, improved engine performance and easier starting. The device having only 54 parts compared with some 300 in conventional carburetors has no choke (дроссель). It constantly adjusts the mixture of fuel and air, which cannot be done in usual carburetors. Provided with special mechanism the carburetor helps the engine turn on at once in cold weather. Though developed quite recently, it is already being used by cars and other kinds of public transport. With diesel engine becoming almost standard equipment, the vacuum carburetor will never be used on new cars. It may be said that present-day carburetors are dinosaurs and in 20 years there won’t be any more. But there are some countries which are interested in importing the device as a replacement for existing carburetors.
Exercise 1. Answer the questions.
1. What are the main problems of public transport? (a new type of vehicle and its much more efficient use) 2. What type of modern vehicle may become a usual means of transport in the future? (a small electric car) 3. What is the possible development in private cars? (the use of an automatic guidance system) 4. What electronic
devices are used in modern cars? (a computer, fuel adjusting devices, an electronic instrument panel for indicating the speed, time, distance covered and fuel left) 5. What is the main function of a radar for a car? (detecting all possible dangers ahead of the vehicle on a road) 6. What unusual feature will a new generation car have? (four-wheel control system ensuring diagonal and side movements) 7. What materials are used in current automotive design? (ceramics)
Exercise 2. Make a sentence out of the two parts.
1. There are already some modern vehicles
For example, a small electric car can solve
With an automatic guidance system for cars,
It will be possible
All these innovations will become possible because of
Computers, electronic instrument panels, radars, adjusting devices, etc. are playing
goes out into the street, finds an empty car, gets into it, drives to his destination, gets out and leaves the car for the next passenger.
there may be no need to drive these cars.
which may become a usual means of transport in the future.
increasingly wide use of modern microelectronics in cars.
many problems of public transport.
an important part in current car design.
7. to switch over to automatic
driving, as we do in ships and air-
crafts today.
Exercise 3. Read and learn.
Bob’s New Used Car
John: This is the car that Bob bought from Mr. Adams.
Bill: I didn’t even know that he had bought a car. When did he tell
you that he had bought it? J: He told me yesterday that he had bought it two days earlier. B: Do you know how much he paid for the car? J: Well, he said he had paid 800 dollars for it. В.: I wonder why he bought an old car? I didn’t think he needed a
car. J.: Well, I suppose he will use it for his new job.
В.: Do you think the car is in good condition?
J.: He told me that the car was in perfect condition. The tires are
practically new. The new generator works perfectly. Frankly
(откровенно говоря), I think that it was a good bargain
(выгодная покупка, хорошая сделка). В.: I believe you are right. J.: I haven’t mentioned that the car had been driven only 25,000
miles. Also, the covers (чехлы) which are on the front seats are
new. They are made of material that can be washed. В.: Now I want to see how well the car really runs. J.: O.K. Let’s ask Bob when he is going for a ride. Then we can see
whether or not the car runs well. В.: Do you know if Bob is going to come back here soon? J.: Yes, I’m sure he’ll be back right away (сразу, немедленно). В.: By the way (между прочим), can you tell me where Bob is
keeping his car? J.: He is using the garage of the people living next door.
Exercise 4. Speak about:
Public transport of the future.
The application of electronics in modern cars.
The latest innovations in car design.
Use exercises 1,2 and the following words and word combinations for your topic: one thing is certain, to be much more efficient, to be in common use, to select a destination, to monitor, the size of a pack of cigarettes, to look like, to warn of objects ahead of the vehicle, to design, to get information, while driving, to make of.
Exercise 5. Comment on the following statement.
It is natural that everybody should want to have a car.
One point of view : It is convenient, saving time, avoiding crowded buses and other city transport, independent, comfortable, useful at weekends, contact with nature, developing the sense of responsibility, improving the level of technological culture.
A contrary point of view : Expensive, traffic jams (пробки в уличном движении), difficulties with repairs and maintenance, pollution, lack of physical exercise, takes more time than it saves, road accidents, waste of energy resources, the unbearable situation in many cities, especially in supercities.
Exercise 6. Read and smile.
It was during the rush-hour (часы пик). As usual, all the seats in the bus were occupied. When a good-looking young lady got in,
Прочитайте текст и заполните следующую таблицу:
Саг design innovations since 1770
The latest car electronic systems
Their advantages
Their disadvantages
Используя таблицу, расскажите по-английски о наиболее важных усовершенствованиях в конструкции автомобиля с момента его изобретения. О каких последних достижениях в области конструирования автомобилей вы знаете? Какая информация в тексте наиболее интересна с вашей точки зрения и почему?
Ever since Nicolas Cugnot, a Frenchman, invented the first self-propelled road vehicle in 1770, there has been no shortage of companies willing to make a better automobile. Over years their efforts have given users the gasoline engine (дизель), the electric starter, tubeless tires (бескамерная шина), fuel-injected engines and anti-lock brakes (тормоз с антиблокировочным устрой-
ством), these are only a few innovations. What is next? Here are some examples of what the car designers are working at in the world today.
One of the latest applications of sophisticated electronics is the wheel-computerized system that not only monitors air pressure in automobile tires but adjusts it automatically. In addition this system enables a driver to set tire pressure while seated. The system developed consists of three separate modules. The first is the instrument panel display which houses the system’s main microprocessor, programming buttons (кнопка включения программы) and warning signals. The second component is the detector drive module (модуль привода) which is essentially four microchips attached, in one unit, to the chassis. Each chip detecting pressure changes that may occur, the transistors within the module signal the third component — a programmable transducer (программируемый преобразователь). The transducer attached to each wheel changes the tire pressure accordingly.
However, some automobile experts think this system is too complicated and costly. The design has to be simple and of low cost.
Прочитайте и перескажите текст.
Talking Instrument Panels
providing instrument readings or safety warnings from special electronic circuits.
In a polite female voice, the device will report on engine oil pressure, parking-brake and headlight operation, seat belt connection, totalling 14 different functions. The driver can even program the Voice Warning System to announce the time or to give a low-fuel warning for any preset gas tank level. The heart of the Voice Warning System is a microprocessor-based electronic speech module made by National Semiconductor Corp. (US). The device requires the connection of 18 wires, but it is simple enough to install in a car.
Прочитайте текст. Используя слова и выражения из текста, опишите свое состояние перед экзаменом.
Exam stress doesn’t occur most strongly during the actual exams but in the few weeks just before them. The climax is usually the night before when last minute preparations confirm your worst fears (страх). There are, however, some simple ways of dealing with the problem.
First, one must know that the night before is too late to do anything. Much better to go to a dance, for a walk, to the pictures or to play a game rather than increase stress by frantic efforts to plug in gaps (затыкать пробелы) in your knowledge.
The brain is a complex bio-electrical machine which, like a computer, can be overloaded. It does not work continuously. When you study, your brain reaches its maximum efficiency about five minutes you start work, stays at it for about ten minutes and then it is down. Indeed, after thirty minutes your attention wonders (отвлекаться), your memory shuts off, and boredom (скука) sets in.
For this reason, the best way to study is in half-hour sessions with gaps in between of about the same length. It even helps to change subjects and not keep at the same one since it reduces the boredom factor.
I absolutely agree with the opinion that cars are the most important type of transport in today’s world. ON THE ONE HAND having of a car has many advantages, but on the other hand it also has disadvantages.
I want to start on the positive side of this thing. At first glance, if people buys a car, they also buys comfort for yourself. For example, when we go to work or study, we don’t have to get up so early and take a bus at a particular time. If we go to a store to buy a lot of food, it will be much more comfortable to put it in the trunk and go home.On public transport, we would carry heavy bags and it would be difficult for us to manage. Also, many people like to go to other cities or some long trips by car. It happens to be very atmospheric.
We can stop anywhere and anytime without disturbing anyone.
But on closer inspection, cars are harmful mechanisms. The gas which comes out of the car’s pipe is very harmful to both humans and nature. It makes, as scientists say, a «greenhouse effect». the amount of carbon dioxide getting into atmosphere is increasing every day and the air is getting dirty. Many kinds of plants and animals begin to die out, human health is getting worse from the dirty air and nature has no time to clean itself. In addition, every day there are accidents on the roads and sometimes many people die. The car is one of the most dangerous types of transport. There are other problems with this technology which are not so serious. For example, cars often break and people spend a lot of money to fix them. There are long traffic jams because at least every second person has a car.
But still, having so many disadvantages in such an invention, people do not refuse from it. That’s because we are used to using them and we have no idea what we are going to do if there are no cars, and no phones. They make life easier for people. Scientists and nature protectors have accepted this fact and created a new ecological machine. Such machines are not fed by gasoline and they do not give out harmful gas and do not destroy our planet.
I hope that this invention will soon come into common use and everyone will switch to eco friendly cars.
Внимание!
Если Вы заметили ошибку или опечатку, выделите текст и нажмите Ctrl+Enter.
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1. for what purposes are electronic equipments used now? what d they help us to do? 2. industrial electronics plays an important role today, doesn’t it? 3. what electronic equipments are usually found at home? what car you find at home? 4. what is the difference between electric and electronic devices? 5. where do you actually see how electricity jumps through space? 6. what were the first electronic equipments based on? 7. did the first computers look like modern ones? 8. did the next stage come when transistors or cassettes were invented 9. why did computers become smaller when microchips were introduced
Ответы
1 Electronic equipments are used now for scientific, industrial and everyday purposes.They help us to do jobs better or more rationally than before and take over jobs that couldn’t be done otherwise.
3 We can find many electronic equipments at home:a tape recorder, a TV set, an MP3 player, a computer and many others.
4 In electric devices electricity flows in the wire but inside any electronic device electric current passes through the space (or semiconductor) separating certain parts in this detail.
5 We can actually see how electricity jumps through space in lightning.
6 The first electronic equipments were based on radio lamps.
7 No, they didn’t.
9 Microchips helped to reduce big parts of devices,computers and other devices.
Источник
Text B. ELECTRONICS IN THE INDUSTRIAL AGE
In 1873 James Clerk Maxwell published his famous treatise on electricity and magnetism. Being a theoretician, he developed four equations which explained all the experimental results in electricity and magnetism observed up until that time, and his equations have withstood the test of time and continue to serve as a basis for all electromagnetic calculations. His equations inspired Hertz to experiment with electromagnetic radiation.
In 1895 A. Popov and in 1899 Marconi demonstrated the first wireless communication systems. Wireless communication got the boost with the invention of the triode by De Forest in 1906 and the development of practical radio circuits by Armstrong.
Engineers having developed radio circuits, research laboratories turned their attention to the transmission of video as well as audio, and practical television systems were developed in the 1930s. During World War II electronic systems were developed for radar, sonar, fire control, navigation, communications, computation, and data processing. Shortly after the war the computer industry was born.
In 1947 Bardeen, Brattain, and Shockley invented the transistor. This device could perform all the functions of a vacuum tube triode with much lower device power dissipation.
Two more profound inventions occurred shortly thereafter. Kilby and Noyce invented the integrated circuit in 1959. Secondly, the ruby, gas, and semiconductor lasers were invented in 1959, 1960 and 1961, respectively. The integrated circuit allowed for a 10 6 or more increase in circuit density, decrease in device cost, decrease in device power, and increase in circuit reliability.
With the invention of the laser a few communication experts recognized the bandwidth potential of light wave communication. Transmission of light waves in the atmosphere proved unreliable, and so attention was focused on light wave transmission over glass fibers. The development of low-loss optical fibers followed. Today most long distance calls are transmitted by optical fibers.
treatise, n трактат, научный труд
equation, n уравнение
withstand, v (withstood) противостоять, выдержать
inspire, v вдохновлять
wireless, n радио
wireless, a беспроволочный
get the boost получить поддержку;
circuit, n цепь, контур; схема; сеть
vacuum tube электронная лампа
fire control управление огнем
power dissipation рассеяние мощности
occur, v случаться, происходить
integrated circuit интегральная схема
ruby, n рубин
semiconductor, n полупроводник
respectively, adv соответственно;
в указанном порядке
density, n плотность, компактность
reliability, n надежность, прочность
fiber (fibre), n волокно
I. Make sure you know the words given above.
II. Read the following words. Pay attention to the stress displacement:
magnet – magnetic, atom – atomic, electron – electronic, dynamo – dynamic, theory – theoretic, biology – biological, history – historical, mechanism – mechanics.
III. Read the text ‘Electronics in the Industrial Age’. Find out what inventions the following dates deal with:
1873, 1895, 1947, 1959, 1960, 1961.
IV. Say if the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Consult the text ‘Electronics in the Industrial Age’.
1. In 1873 James Clerk Maxwell published his famous treatise on philosophy.
2. Maxwell developed equations which serve as a basis for all electromagnetic calculations.
3. The computer industry was born before World War I.
4. The integrated circuit was invented in 1969.
5. With the invention of the IC electronic devices have become cheaper and more reliable.
6. Today most long distance calls are transmitted by wire.
V. Find in the text ‘Electronics in the Industrial Age’ sentences with Participle I and Participle II. State their forms and functions. Translate the sentences.
VI. Match the names and the inventions
1) Maxwell | a) the integrated circuit |
2) Hertz | b) the invention of the triode |
3) A. Popov and Marconi | c) four equations for electro-magnetic calculations |
4) De Forest | d) electromagnetic radiation |
5) Bardeen, Brattain and Shockley | e) wireless communication system |
6) Kilby and Noyce | f) the transistor |
VII. Retell the text ‘Electronics in the Industrial Age’.
VIII. Read the following text without a dictionary. Try to understand it.
The path to Popov’s great discovery was marked by the investigations of many scientists in different countries.
Popov’s scientific accomplishment was the culmination of the efforts of several generations of scientists, whose works make up the early history of radio which began with the investigations of Faraday. Faraday’s discovery of electromagnetic rotation and electromagnetic induction laid the foundation of present-day electrical engineering.
His natural-scientific conceptions created a revolution in the understanding of electrical phenomena, and are extremely important because they directed all attention to the medium surrounding the electrified body. Faraday’s theory of magnetic and electric lines of force proved to be exceedingly fruitful, and served as a starting point for J. C. Maxwell to deduce mathematically (and Hertz to detect experimentally) the existence of free electric waves. Later it was found that as early as 1832 Faraday himself was close to what triumphed in science more than half a century later.
Faraday’s scientific views were developed by his successor Maxwell, who worked in many fields of physics, mechanics, and even astronomy. However, his chief works are investigations in electromagnetism and in the kinetic theory of gases. Continuing Faraday’s work, Maxwell subjected his ideas to mathematical treatment and arrived at far-reaching conclusions when he advanced the electromagnetic theory of light, one of the greatest achievements of science of the 19 th century. Maxwell considered light to be an electromagnetic phenomenon; he predicted mathematically that electric waves ought to propagate at a velocity equal to the ratio of electromagnetic and electrostatic units; as we know, this value coincides with the velocity of light (approximately 300,000 km. a second).
Of extraordinary value to radio was Maxwell’s conception of free electromagnetic waves, whose real existence was proved to the scientific world by the experimental investigations of Hertz. But this was a whole decade after the death of J. Clerk Maxwell who did not live to see his views accepted.
Deeply convinced of the truth of the Faraday-Maxwell theory, Hertz set himself the task of proving experimentally the existence of free electromagnetic waves; he established the fact that they are governed by the same laws (reflection, refraction and polarization) as light waves. One of the most brilliant experimenters in the history of natural science (let us not forget that he had not yet reached the age of 37 when he died), Hertz made experiments that served as a basis for the invention of wireless telegraphy. These experiments had to do with the Hertz vibrator and resonator described in his first work entitled ‘Concerning Extremely Rapid Electric Oscillations’.
The scientific value of Hertz’ discovery, however, is not the less though he did not find a practical application for it. Hertz’ discovery was immediately recognized throughout the world, and Popov was one of the first to begin elaborating further this extremely important scientific advancement. He read papers and delivered public lectures, always pointing out that this new achievement of science is not only of theoretical value, that it may find a practical application.
May 7 (April 25, old style) 1895 is considered to be the date of the invention of radio. It was on this day that Popov read a paper in the Physics Department of the Russian Physical and Chemical Society entitled ‘On the Relation of Metal Powders to Electric Oscillations’. However, Popov arrived at his discovery much earlier; not at once, of course, but as a result of extensive research which he had conducted over a period of several years studying electric waves and oscillations. The May 7 th address was a legal confirmation of Popov’s right as the inventor of wireless telegraphy.
Popov was undoubtedly an original and experienced experimenter.
But in addition, Popov was the first radio specialist to construct radio instruments as well as radio stations in Russia. This side of his activities was above all closely connected with the Navy, the most prominent representatives of which valued Popov especially as a practical specialist in installing radio in the Navy.
In March 1897, he delivered a lecture at the Kronstadt Naval Officers’ Club, dealing with the possibility of wireless telegraphy through the use of his method. Popov’s project was well received and was approved by the higher authorities.
The year of 1897 was that of a considerable victory for the inventor of radio, who began experimenting on a large scale.
The first radiogram was received on the island of Gogland on January 24. It was an order of the Head of the Chief Naval Staff, Vice-Admiral Avelan, on the rendering of aid to Finnish fishermen who had been carried out to sea on an ice-floe. It ran as follows :
‘To the commander of the ice-breaker Yermak’.
‘An ice-floe with 50 fishermen on it broke away near Lavensari. Render immediate aid to save these people’.
The accident was reported by telephone to St. Petersburg, and from there a telegram was sent to Kotka, whence the order was radioed to Gogland. The chief of the Gogland station, Zalevsky, wrote that the report was received clearly, and was immediately passed on to the ‘Yermak’. At four the next morning the Yermak set out on the search for the men and returned at 5 o’clock in the afternoon with all of them on board.
News of the fishermen being saved from imminent death through the use of wireless telegraphy, which conveyed to the Yermak the message, spread throughout Russia.
The very next day after the saving of the fishermen Popov was swamped with telegrams of congratulation expressing pride and admiration for this achievement of Russian science. The victory of Gogland also belonged to Makarov who designed the Yermak and on whose initiative it was built.
All the more dear to Popov were the lines of Makarov’s telegram of congratulation sent to him on January 26. ‘On behalf of all the Kronstadt sailors I heartily congratulate you on the brilliant success of your invention. The opening up of communications by wireless telegraphy between Kotka and Gogland over a distance of 43 versts is a victory of the greatest scientific importance’.
IX. Read the text again. Identify the key words and write them out.
X. Find the key sentence in each paragraph of the text given above.
XI. Use the key words and key sentences to make up a summary of the text.
XII. Suggest a headline to the text above.
Text C. THE INFORMATION AGE
In the past few centuries technological developments have created isolated information industries. The major inventions and industries which developed as a result of these inventions are listed in Table 1. Electrical and computer engineers play a major role in four of these six industries, and they will likely play a major role in all six industries.
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Школе NET
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Hundreds of electronic equipments are now used for scientific, industrial and everyday purposes. They help to do jobs better or more rationally than before and take over jobs that couldn’t be done otherwise. So, industrial electronics undoubtedly plays a very important role today You can easily find many electronic equipments at home: a tape recorder, a TV set, an MP3 player, a computer and many others.
The application and use of electronic equipments demands a good knowledge of their fundamentals.
In meters and lamps electricity flows in the wire. But inside any transistor or microchip (and previously, in radio tubes) electric current passes through the space (or semiconductor) separating certain parts in this detail. Such action is called electronic. It’s not difficult to imagine it because the same happens in lightning. There you actually see how electricity jumps through space.
The first electronic equipments used radio lamps. They were: a radio set, a TV set, computing machines (predecessors of modern calculators), computers (which occupied big rooms), tape recorders.
The next stage came when transistors were invented. The devices became more powerful and much smaller. The number of devices increased greatly, some multifunctional devices appeared (radio tape recorder). Computers and calculators became smaller: cassette recorders and video- cassette recorders appeared.
The next period was the period of microchips. They helped to reduce big parts of devices, computers and other devices.
The latest period of industrial electronics development is the period of total digitization of all electronic devices, making them compatible with the computer. Photos are no longer made on film but on memory cards, cassettes and video cassettes are out of use. Television is also becoming digital.
Industrial electronics is a great part of our leisure time, it makes people’s lives easier, and reduces their working time.
Источник
Перевод текста industrial electronics урок 21
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Текст
Hundreds of electronic devices are now used for scientific, industrial and everyday purposes. They help to do jobs better or more rationally than before and take over jobs that couldn’t be done otherwise. So, industrial electronics undoubtedly plays a very important role today. You can easily ind many electronic devices at home: a CD player, a TV set, an MP3 player, a computer and many others The application and use of electronic devices demand good knowledge of their fundamentas In meters and lamps, clectricity flows in the wire. But inside any transistor or microchlp (and previoushy in radio tubes), electric current passes through the space (or semiconductor) separating certain parts in this unit. Such action is called clectronic. It’s not difficult to imagine it because the same happens in lightning. There you actually see how electricity Jumps through space. The firt electronic equipment used radio lamps. They were: a radico set, a TV set, computing machines (predecessors of modern calculators), computers (which occupied big rooms), tape recorden The next stage came when transistors were invented. The devices became more powerful and much smaller. The number of devices increased greatly, some multifunctional devices appeared (radio + tape recorder). Computers and calculators became smaller cassette recorders and video- cassette recorders appcared. The next period was the period of microchips. They helped to reduce big parts of devices, computers and other devices The latest period of industrial electronics development is the period of total digitization of all electronic devices, making them compatible with the computcr. Photos are no longer made on film but on memory cards, cassettes and video cassettes are out of use. Television is also becoming digital Industrial electronics is a great part of our leisure time, it makes people’s lives easier and reduces their working time
Вопросы
1.For what purposes are electronic devices used now? What do they help us to do? 2. Industrial electronics plays an important role today, doesn’t it? 3. What electronic devices are usually found at home? What can you ind at home? 4. What is the difference between electric and electronic devices? 5. Where do you actually see how clectricity jumps through space? 6. What were the first electronic devices based on? 7. Did the first computers look like modern ones? 8. Did the next stage come when transistons or casettes were inventod?9. Why did computers become smaller when microchips were introduced? 10. What is the latest period of the industrial electronics development called? I1. What devices became compatible with the computer? 12. What does electronics mean in our life? 13. Do you think that electronics does only good to people? 14. What will be the next period of the industrial electronics development, in your opinion?
Ответ оставил Гуру
1. Hundreds of electronic devices are now used for scientific, industrial and everyday purposes. They help to do jobs better or more rationally than before and take over jobs that couldn’t be done otherwise.
2. Industrial electronics undoubtedly plays a very important role today.
3. You can easily ind many electronic devices at home: a CD player, a TV set, an MP3 player, a computer and many others.
6. The firt electronic equipment used radio lamps. They were: a radico set, a TV set, computing machines (predecessors of modern calculators), computers (which occupied big rooms), tape recorden.
7.No, they didn’t. The first computers occupied big rooms.
8.Because the microchips helped to reduce big parts of devices, computers and other devices.
10.The latest period of industrial electronics development is the period of total digitization of all electronic devices, making them compatible with the computcr.
11.All electronic devices became compatible with the computer.
12.Industrial electronics is a great part of our leisure time, it makes people’s lives easier and reduces their working time.
13.Yes, i do. I think that electronics does only good to people.
14.In my opinion the next period of the industrial electronics development will be period of robots.
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Electronics is a field of engineering and applied physics dealing with the design and application of electronic circuits. The operation of circuits depends on the flow of electrons for generation, transmission, reception and storage of information.
Today it is difficult to imagine our life without electronics. It surrounds us everywhere. Electronic devices are widely usedin scientific research and industrial designing; they control the work of plants and power stations, calculate the trajectories of space-ships and help the people discover new phenomena of nature. Automatization of production processes and studies on living organisms became possible due to electronics.
The invention of vacuum tubes at the beginning of the 20th century was, the starting point of the rapid growth of modern electronics. Vacuum tubes assisted in manipulation of signals. The development of a large variety of tubes designed for specialized functions made possible the progress in radio communication technology before the World War II and in the creation of early computers during and shortly after the war.
The transistor invented by American scientists W. Shockly, J. Bardeen and W. Brattain in 1948 completely replaced the vacuum tube. The transistor, a small piece of a semiconductor with three electrodes, had great advantages over the best vacuum tubes. It provided the same functions as the vacuum tube but at reduced weight, cost, power consumption, and with high reliability. With the invention of the transistor all essential circuit functions could be carried out inside solid bodies. The aim of creating electronic circuits with entirely solid-state components had finally been realized. Early transistors could respond at a rate of a few million times a second. This was fast enough to serve in radio circuits, but far below the speed needed for high speed computers or for microwave communication systems.
The progress in semiconductor technology led to the development of the integrated circuit (1С), which was discovered due to the efforts of John Kilby in 1958. There appeared a new field of science — integrated electronics. The essence of it is batch processing. Instead of making, testing and assembling discrete components on a chip one at a time, large groupings of these components together with their interconnections were made all at a time. 1С greatly reduced the size of devices, lowered manufacturing costs and at the same time they provided high speed and increased reliability.
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1. What is electronics? 2, Can you imagine modern life without electronics? 3. Where are electronic devices used? 4. What was the beginning of electronics development? 5. What made the progress in radio communication technology possible? 6. What is the transistor? 7. When was the transistor invented?
8. What aim was realized with the invention of the transistor? 9.When were integrated circuits discovered? 10. What advantages did the transistors have over the vacuum tubes?
Помогите ответить на вопросы! Текст Hundreds of electronic devices are now
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Текст
Hundreds of electronic devices are now used for scientific, industrial and everyday purposes. They help to do jobs better or more rationally than before and take over jobs that couldn’t be done otherwise. So, industrial electronics undoubtedly plays a very important role today. You can easily ind many electronic devices at home: a CD player, a TV set, an MP3 player, a computer and many others The application and use of electronic devices demand good knowledge of their fundamentas In meters and lamps, clectricity flows in the wire. But inside any transistor or microchlp (and previoushy in radio tubes), electric current passes through the space (or semiconductor) separating certain parts in this unit. Such action is called clectronic. It’s not difficult to imagine it because the same happens in lightning. There you actually see how electricity Jumps through space. The firt electronic equipment used radio lamps. They were: a radico set, a TV set, computing machines (predecessors of modern calculators), computers (which occupied big rooms), tape recorden The next stage came when transistors were invented. The devices became more powerful and much smaller. The number of devices increased greatly, some multifunctional devices appeared (radio + tape recorder). Computers and calculators became smaller cassette recorders and video- cassette recorders appcared. The next period was the period of microchips. They helped to reduce big parts of devices, computers and other devices The latest period of industrial electronics development is the period of total digitization of all electronic devices, making them compatible with the computcr. Photos are no longer made on film but on memory cards, cassettes and video cassettes are out of use. Television is also becoming digital Industrial electronics is a great part of our leisure time, it makes people’s lives easier and reduces their working time
Вопросы
1.For what purposes are electronic devices used now? What do they help us to do? 2. Industrial electronics plays an important role today, doesn’t it? 3. What electronic devices are usually found at home? What can you ind at home? 4. What is the difference between electric and electronic devices? 5. Where do you actually see how clectricity jumps through space? 6. What were the first electronic devices based on? 7. Did the first computers look like modern ones? 8. Did the next stage come when transistons or casettes were inventod?9. Why did computers become smaller when microchips were introduced? 10. What is the latest period of the industrial electronics development called? I1. What devices became compatible with the computer? 12. What does electronics mean in our life? 13. Do you think that electronics does only good to people? 14. What will be the next period of the industrial electronics development, in your opinion?
Источник
Сочинение о технологиях на английском языке пишут, чтобы оценить умение ученика описывать современные технологии, которые значительно упростили нашу жизнь, использовать специальную лексику.
Здесь вы найдете топики о технологиях, которые содержат всю необходимую информацию на заданную тему, которую часто задают в качестве классной работы и домашнего задания. Мы предоставили ниже эссе о технологиях, чтобы помочь учащимся в выполнении их задания.
Содержание
- Тематическая лексика
- Короткое сочинение «Новые технологии» на английском
- Cочинение «Технологии в нашей жизни» на английском
- Эссе на английском Современные технологии
- Сочинение о Технологиях на английском
Тематическая лексика
Когда вы пишете эссе на какую-либо тему, например, на тему «Технологии», вы должны сначала узнать о различных словах или выражениях, которые люди используют, говоря на эту тему. Затем вы должны попытаться использовать их в своем сочинении. Вот некоторые слова, которые часто используются, чтобы рассказать о современных технологиях на английском языке:
Используемые слова и фразы для сочинения о технологиях | |
Английский | Русский |
Scientists | учёный |
Research | исследование |
Theory | теория |
Artificial | искусственный |
Complicated | сложный |
Digital | цифровой |
Breakthrough | прорыв |
Observation | наблюдение |
Origin | происхождение |
Equipment | оборудование, снаряжение |
Appliance | прибор, оборудование |
Satellite | спутник |
Cyber | кибер, связь с компьютерными технологиями |
To invent | изобретать |
To discover | открывать, обнаруживать |
Test tube baby | родившийся в результате ЭКО |
Side effect | побочный эффект |
Nanotechnology | нанотехнология |
use modern gadgets | использовать современные гаджеты |
revolutionise the way people live | кардинально изменить образ жизни людей |
unravel the mysteries of the Universe | раскрывать тайны Вселенной |
С таким словарным запасом уже можно попробовать написать сочинение о телефоне по английскому языку. Кроме того, приведенные ниже примеры топиков на тему «Технологии» на английском с переводом также помогут вам в этом деле.
Короткое сочинение «Новые технологии» на английском
New Technologies
Our world develops very fast. Every year new technologies come to our life and we have to follow them. It is important to know how to use them because our life becomes easier and more comfortable with them.
Old generation can not understand all these things. They get used to call by house phone, to wash the clothes with hands and so on. But thanks to new technologies today we have washing and coffee machines, mobile phones and vacuum cleaners. But I will not be surprised if in 50 years I will also have doubts about technologies of that time.
Still today I would like to use all of them. The last thing that I have heard about is a robot. Actually different robots for different assignments. Scientists have made robots to help old people to move and to serve them, to clean houses and to play with children. These technologies are really useful today and in future. The technologies that help and make our life easier are always important and useful.
Another great technology is a coffee machine. But the one that can prepare all kind of coffee, has different regimes and can control even the time.
Headphones, computers and mobile phones also make our life so much easier. Thank to them we can do few things at the same time. We are able to communicate with our friends and family even if they are far away.
New technologies come out very often. Sometime we don’t even pay attention because we get used to the old things. Like iPhone produces new models of the phones every year. But the difference between them is not so big.
People have to be more flexible. Then we can manage with any new thing that comes to our life. It’s important if you use it regularly your life can really change and to become better.
Перевод:
Наш мир развивается очень быстро. Каждый год на рынке появляются новые технологии и изобретения, а мы должны следовать им и понять их. Очень важно знать, как использовать их, ведь наша жизнь станет в разы легче и удобнее.
Старое поколение не может понять все эти штучки. Они привыкли звонить по домашнему телефону, стирать одежду руками и многое другое. Но благодаря новым технологиям сегодня у нас есть стиральная и кофе машина, мобильные телефоны и пылесосы. Но я не удивлюсь, если через 50 лет я тоже буду странно посматривать на новые технологии того времени.
И все же сегодня я с удовольствием пользуюсь всеми новинками. Последняя вещь, о которой я слышала, это роботы. Вообще разные роботы имеют разное предназначение. Ученые создали роботов, чтобы помогать пожилым людям передвигаться, убирать дома и даже играть с детьми. Эти технологии очень полезны и сегодня, и в будущем. А вообще те изобретения, которые облегчают нашу жизнь, всегда важны и полезны.
Ещё одна замечательная технология – это кофе машина. Но именно та, которая готовит разные виды кофе, имеет несколько режимов и может контролировать даже время.
Наушники, компьютеры и мобильные телефоны тоже очень облегчают нашу жизнь. Благодаря им мы можем делать несколько дел одновременно. Мы можем общаться с нашими друзьями и семьей даже, если они находятся далеко.
Новые технологии появляются очень часто. Порой мы даже не обращаем внимание, ведь уже привыкли к тому, что имеем. Так, например, айфоны создают новые модели телефонов каждый год. Но разница между ними не особо велика.
Людям стоит научиться приспосабливаться. Тогда мы сможем управиться с любой новинкой, которая появится. И если вы действительно хотите упростить свою жизнь и сделать ее комфортнее, пользуйтесь подобными новинками постоянно.
Cочинение «Технологии в нашей жизни» на английском
Technologies in Our Life
People can hardly imagine their lives without modern technologies nowadays. It is almost impossible to go out without a mobile phone or an MP3 player, for example. These devices have become an important part of our life.
Moreover, almost every day either a new technology is being invented or an old one is being improved. To stay up-to-date people keep buying newer items. Soon our houses and work places will look like electronic stores. Technology is all around us. First of all, we need it for work.
All modern offices are equipped with computers, scanners, printers, and other useful machines. One of the most important devices today is the wi-fi modem as it provides Internet. Secondly, technologies surround us at home, in cars and everywhere.
There are many people who are against new technologies. In my opinion, technological progress has made our lives more interesting and bright. Thanks to computers and Internet I find more educational resources. Such electronic items as vacuum-cleaner, washing machine, microwave, dish washer, blender and some others have made my mum’s life easier.
So I’m sure that new technologies are for good. In conclusion, I’d like to say, that technological progress continues and it moves rather fast. Thus, I think that soon we will live in ‘smart’ houses with robots doing all housework instead of us.
Перевод:
Люди с трудом представляют свою жизнь без современных технологий. Почти невозможно выйти из дома, например, без мобильного телефона или MP3-плеера. Эти устройства стали важной частью нашей жизни.
Кроме того, почти каждый день изобретаются новые технологии или совершенствуется уже существующие. Чтобы идти в ногу со временем, люди покупают новинки. Вскоре наши дома и рабочие места будет выглядеть как магазины электроники. Технологии окружают нас повсюду. Прежде всего, они нужны для работы.
Все современные офисы оснащены компьютерами, сканерами, принтерами и другими полезными машинами. Одним из самых важных устройств сегодня является Wi-Fi модем, поскольку он обеспечивает Интернет. Во-вторых, технологии окружают нас дома, в автомобилях и повсеместно.
Есть люди, которые выступают против новых технологий. На мой взгляд, технический прогресс сделал нашу жизнь более интересной и яркой. Благодаря компьютерам и Интернету я нахожу много дополнительных образовательных ресурсов. Такая электроника, как пылесос, стиральная машина, микроволновая печь, посудомоечная машина, блендер и некоторые другие предметы, облегчили жизнь моей маме.
Так что я уверен, что новые технологии к лучшему. В заключение я хотел бы сказать, что технологический прогресс продолжается, и он движется довольно быстро. Таким образом, я думаю, что скоро мы будем жить в «умных» домах с роботами, которые будут делать все вместо нас.
Эссе на английском Современные технологии
Modern Technology
Nobody would deny the importance of modern technology. It has made life easier and better in many ways. The best definition of technology is science applied to practical purposes. Due to its rapid development people can use many smart gadgets in everyday life.
Most housewives stopped washing the clothes by hand. They don’t even wash the dishes after meal, because the dishwasher can do it for them. Nobody uses the old-fashioned brooms, as there are advanced vacuum-cleaners. All these modern machines have nearly replaced people.
However, it is not always good. As any other field in the world, modern technology has its advantages and drawbacks. It is undoubtedly helpful to have smart appliances in the house. They help to deal with household chores. It is also good to have such gadgets as laptop, MP3 player, smartphone, iphone, camera, headphones, printer, scanner, tablet etc.
Today, people simply can’t imagine life without these machines. However, it isn’t always healthy to use them for a long time. Sitting long hours in front of the computer leads to eyesight and back problems. Cell phones contain negative vibes that affect human organism. So, many health specialists are against the excessive use of cell phones.
Household appliances and machines that make people’s life easier often lead to idleness and obesity. Modern offices are full of self-operating machines. That’s why some jobs are disappearing and people stay unemployed.
In conclusion, I’d like to say that technological progress can be dangerous at some extent. Even surrounding nature suffers from scientific advances.
Перевод:
Никто не станет отрицать важность современных технологий. Они сделали жизнь проще и лучше во многих отношениях. Технологии лучше всего определять как науку, применяемую для практических целей. Благодаря их быстрому развитию, люди могут использовать много умных гаджетов в повседневной жизни.
Большая часть домохозяек больше не стирают вручную. Они даже не моют посуду после приема пищи, потому что посудомоечная машина может сделать это за них. Никто не использует старомодные веники, так как есть продуманные пылесосы. Все эти современные машины почти заменили людей.
Тем не менее, это не всегда хорошо. Как и любая другая область в мире, современные технологии имеют свои преимущества и недостатки. Несомненно, полезно иметь в доме такие устройства. Они помогают справляться с домашними делами. Также хорошо иметь такие гаджеты, как ноутбук, MP3-плеер, смартфон, айфон, фотоаппарат, наушники, принтер, сканер, планшет и т.д.
Сегодня люди просто не могут представить свою жизнь без этих устройств. Тем не менее, их длительное использование не всегда хорошо для здоровья. Если сидеть часами перед компьютером, можно заработать проблемы со зрением и позвоночником. Сотовые телефоны содержат излучения, отрицательно влияющие на организм человека. Поэтому, многие специалисты здравоохранения против чрезмерного использования мобильных телефонов.
Бытовая техника и устройства, которые делают жизнь людей проще, часто приводят к праздности и ожирению. Современные офисы полны автоматических приборов. Вот почему исчезают рабочие места, а люди остаются безработными.
В заключение я хотел бы сказать, что технологический прогресс может быть в какой-то степени опасным. Даже окружающая природа страдает от развития науки.
Сочинение о Технологиях на английском
When I hear the word «technologies» I start to think about development and better life. Technologies help us to build, invent, write, study, work and to live in general. We use them every day even sometimes we don’t think about it.
We wake up in the morning and we check time. Thank to technologies the first watches were invented in China in 725. Later on we go to have breakfast, we prepare a toast in a toaster, take yogurt from the fridge and make coffee with a coffee machine. Then we take a car or a bus and go to work or school or university. When we need to contact somebody we take a mobile phone. And every thing is a technology from the past. Just today it has become for us a normal life.
For us, young people, technologies today are Apple watches, last model of the phone, some super machine that can cook and clean. Anyway we should remember that technologies are always around us.
I can’t imagine my life today without them. The life would be difficult, boring and just impossible. Technologies today cure us, we get education thank to technologies, explore galaxy and new planet. Who knows maybe in future technologies will help us to live forever.
But sometimes technologies can be dangerous. Guns, bombs and other stuff that people use to ruin and destroy. I think technologies must be used only to help people and to improve the life of our planet and nature.
That’s why I hope that in future technologies will help us to have peace in the whole world, to cure cancer and AIDS, to invent medicine of youth and of course to save our planet from global problems. But we have to remember that technologies help us to grow and develop, but people should be always a priority. People and peace are important, not money, power and technologies.
Перевод:
Когда я слышу слово «технологии», я начинаю думать о развитии и лучшей жизни. Технологии помогают нам строить, создавать, писать, изучать, работать и жить вообще. Мы используем технологии каждый день, порой даже не задумываемся об этом.
Просыпаясь с утра, мы скорее проверяем, который час. Благодаря технологиям в 725 году в Китае изобрели первые часы.
Затем мы идём завтракать и готовим тост в тостере, берём йогурт из холодильника и готовим кофе в кофе машине. Затем мы садимся в машину или идём на автобус и отправляемся на работу, в школу или университет. А когда нам необходимо с кем-то связаться, мы достаём из кармана мобильный телефон. И каждый этот предмет был изобретён с помощью технологий в прошлом. А сегодня это стало для нас обыденной вещью.
Для нас, молодежи, технология сегодня – это часы Apple или последняя модель телефона, какая-нибудь супер машина, которая может готовить и убирать. Но не стоит забывать, что технологии сопровождают нас повсюду.
Я просто не представляю свою жизнь без них сегодня. Наша жизнь была бы трудной, скучной и просто невозможной. Благодаря технологиям сегодня мы получаем лечение, образование, исследуем космос и открываем новые планеты. Кто знает, может, в будущем мы сможем обрести бессмертие благодаря технологиям.
Но порой они могут быть опасны и вредны. Оружие, бомбы и другие предметы, которые люди используют, чтобы рушить и уничтожать. Я считаю, что технологии должны быть использованы только для того, чтобы помогать людям совершенствовать их жизнь, состояние природы и Земли в целом.
Поэтому я надеюсь, что в будущем технологии помогут нам обрести мир на земле, вылечить рак и СПИД, изобрести лекарство вечной молодости и, конечно, надеюсь, что мы спасём планету от глобальных проблем. Нам важно помнить, что технологии помогают нам расти и развиваться, но люди всегда остаются важнее любых технологий и инноваций. Люди и мир важны, а не деньги, власть и технологии!
Читайте также: Сочинение об экологии на английском – примеры с переводом.
Таким образом, написать топик о технологиях – это интересное задание для школьников и студентов. Такое сочинение о технологии на английском языке может быть использовано для написания домашних заданий или классных работ, как основа и образец.