Toefl эссе примеры

Эссе TOEFL входит в заключительный письменный модуль экзамена TOEFL.

В статье речь пойдет о том, как надо писать эссе TOEFL, расскажем какая у него структура и возможная тематика. А в конце поделимся удачными примерами сочинений для этого экзамена.

Кстати, с некоторых пор экзамен TOEFL нельзя сдать в России. Недавно мы рассказывали о возможности сдать этот экзамен в других соседних странах. А чтобы не пропустить новые публикации, подписывайтесь на наш Телеграм канал. Там вы найдете не только полезную информацию, но и приятные бонусы для учебы.

Что собой представляет эссе TOEFL 

Эссе Тоефл — это заключительная часть экзамена Тоефл. Этот раздел один из самых сложных среди письменных заданий экзамена. На его выполнение дается 50 минут. Объем эссе TOEFL — 300-350 слов.

Чтобы успешно написать это эссе, не надо иметь литературный талант, главное — знать, как его правильно писать.

Типы эссе TOEFL

Существует много типов эссе по английскому языку. На экзамене очень важно правильно определить, к какому типу относится ваше эссе, ведь от этого зависит содержание, характер и композиция работы.

В экзамене TOEFL чаще всего могут быть такие типы сочинений:

1. Opinion Essay — эссе-мнение. В нем надо высказать свою позицию по определенной теме.
2. Discussion Essaу — это эссе, в котором с разных сторон рассматривается определенный вопрос.
3. Solution Essay — эссе, в котором надо предложить решение какой-то проблемы.
4. Advantage/Disadvantage Essay — эссе, в котором надо рассмотреть плюсы и минусы определенного события, явления и т.д.

Чтобы определить, какой именно тип сочинения вам надо написать, надо вчитаться в вопрос. Из него сразу становится ясно, какой тип сочинения вам надо написать. Например, если в вопросе есть такая формулировка «Discuss both sides», то перед вами эссе с рассмотрением вопроса. А вот если вопрос эссе начинается со слов «Нow do you think», то перед вами эссе-мнение.

Структура эссе TOEFL

Вне зависимости от того, какой тип эссе надо написать, его структура будет одинаковая:

• введение;
• основная часть;
• заключение.

Во введении надо рассказать, о чем пойдет речь в работе. Самый быстрый и простой вариант написания этой части эссе — перефразировать сам вопрос, который идет в задании. Обычно эта часть небольшая, 2-3 предложения:

Nowadays education is very popular among young people. Usually good education gives a chance to have a well paid job, big house, high-level insurance etc. Hence some people suppose, that only a educated person is able to teach an educated person. (Эссе на тему: «There is nothing that an uneducated person can teach an educated person», введение).

Основную часть надо разбить на абзацы. В первом абзаце надо высказать свой тезис. Следующие абзацы — это аргументы, которые подтверждают или опровергают тезис. Можно привести примеры, факты, статистику, литературный образ — все, что подтвердит ваше утверждение:

In my opinion, there are many uneducated people who can teach interesting things.
First, some jobs do not require education, but require communication skills, big experience and talent. For example, my driving instructor does not have a bachelor degree, but he tough me how to drive. He is a very friendly and patient man. Also, he drove cars more than 20 years. That skill helps him to teach people without good education.
The second example of a situation, where an education is not necessary, is any traditional activity. In France there are many traditional winery. Every winery has old wine recipes. The wine-maker knows recipes from his father, who was tough by his father etc. (Эссе на тему: «There is nothing that an uneducated person can teach an educated person», основная часть).

В заключении надо резюмировать сказанное выше и подвести итоги. Не надо пересказывать все эссе. Просто покажите, что тезис, который вы дали в начале, подтвержден, и тема эссе раскрыта:

In conclusion, I have shown that uneducated people may be very good teachers. Many areas does not require education for success. Experience, character and wisdom are very important as in modern life as in the past. (Эссе на тему: «There is nothing that an uneducated person can teach an educated person», заключение).

Кстати! Для наших читателей сейчас действует скидка 10% на любой вид работы.

Как написать эссе TOEFL

Когда будете писать эссе TOEFL, можете воспользоваться нашими рекомендациями:

1. Внимательно прочитайте вопрос. Преподаватели, которые помогают готовиться к сдаче международного экзамена TOEFL говорят, что самая распространенная ошибка на экзамене — неправильно понятое задание.
2. Набросайте на черновик план. Некоторые пренебрегают этим пунктом, чтобы сэкономить время. На самом деле, предварительный набросок эссе поможет написать работу быстрее и сделать ее более целостной и логичной.
3. Не используйте информацию, в которой не уверены и слова и выражения, которые не знаете точно, как правильно употребить. Лучше пропустить какую-то информацию, чем написать ее неправильно.
4. Обязательно перечитайте готовое эссе. Сначала проверьте, раскрыли ли вы тему работы, а потом проверьте ее на наличие всех видов ошибок.
5. Старайтесь не превышать допустимый объем. Для этого строго придерживайтесь темы и не пишите лишнюю информацию.

Эссе TOEFL: список тем

Эссе TOEFL пишут на разные значимые темы:

• искусство;
• экономика;
• политика;
• окружающая среда;
• литература;
• спорт.

Несмотря на то, что формулировки эссе меняются каждый год, общий смысл остается примерно одинаковый. Посмотрите возможные темы эссе в международном экзамене TOEFL:

1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? A teacher’s ability to relate well with students is more important than excellent knowledge of the subject being taught. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
2. Some people like to travel with a companion. Others prefer to travel alone. Which do you think is better and why?
3. Many teachers assign homework to students every day. Do you think that daily homework is necessary for students? Use specific reasons and details to support your position.
4. It has recently been announced that a new restaurant is going to be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Explain why.
5. Some people trust their first impressions about a person’s character because they believe these judgments are generally correct. Other people do not judge a person’s character quickly because they believe first impressions are often wrong. Compare these two attitudes. Which attitude do you agree with? Support your choice with specific examples.
6. If you could make one important change in a school that you attended, what change would you make? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.
7. Describe a custom from your country that you would like people from other countries to adopt. Explain your choice, using specific reasons and examples.
8. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Most experiences in our lives that seemed difficult at the time become valuable lessons for the future. Use reasons and specific examples to support our answer.
9. Should a city try to preserve its old, historic buildings or destroy them and replace them with modern buildings? Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.
10. It has recently been announced that a large shopping center may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
11. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television advertising directed towards young children (aged two to five) should be restricted. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
12. Many students choose to attend schools or universities outside their home countries. Why do some students study abroad? Use specific reasons and details to explain your answer.
13. The twentieth century saw great change. In your opinion, what is one change that should be remembered about the twentieth century? Use specific reasons and details to explain your choice.
14. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Telephones and email have made communication between people less personal. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
15. Some people believe that a college or university education should be available to all students. Others believe that higher education should be available only to good students. Discuss these views. Which view do you agree with? Explain why.
16. Some people say that computers have made life easier and more convenient. Other people say that computers have made life more complex and stressful. What is your opinion? Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.
17. Some people prefer to work for a large company. Others prefer to work for a small company. Which would you prefer? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.
18. Some people think that the family is the most important influence on teenagers. Other people think that friends are the most important influence on teenagers. Which view do you agree with? Use examples to support your position.
19. It is sometimes said that borrowing money from a friend can harm or damage the friendship. Do you agree? Why or why not? Use reasons and specific examples to explain your view.
20. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Only people who earn a lot of money are successful. Use specific reasons and examples to support your view.
21. Some high school students are delaying college for a year in order to take a gap year where pursue other opportunities such as work or travel. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of gap years. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
22. Compare the advantages and disadvantages of studying on your own versus studying with a group of people. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
23. What are the main qualities of a good boss? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
24. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
25. Some people prefer to live in a small town. Others prefer to live in a big city. Which place would you prefer to live in? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

Эссе TOEFL: примеры работ 

Посмотрите примеры эссе на международном экзамене TOEFL:

1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? “Overall, the widespread use of the internet has a mostly positive effect on life in today’s world.” Use reasons and details to support your opinion.
2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? When doing research, it is better to use printed materials such as books and articles than it is to use the Internet. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
3. Students who are given grades work harder than those who do not. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

Вот такие особенности написания сочинения TOEFL. Если у вас возникнут затруднения, обращайтесь в студенческий сервис. Наши специалисты научат вас, как правильно написать это эссе на высший балл.

About these TOEFL^® Writing Samples

On the TOEFL test, you’ll get an independent writing question based on one of the following essay styles:

• Agree/Disagree
• Multiple Choice
• Paired Choice
• Imaginary Situation

Below are samples of each type. At the bottom of the page are some sample TOEFL integrated essays.

Be sure to check out our main page for detailed guides about how to write good essays.

If you like these samples, note that we also have a huge collection of speaking samples.

Improve your TOEFL Writing Score

If you want one-on-one help, you can sign up for our essay evaluation service.

Agree/Disagree Style TOEFL Essays

This is the most common essay style.

Question 1

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Overall, the widespread use of the internet has a mostly positive effect on life in today’s world.

Question 2

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? When doing research, it is better to use printed materials such as books and articles than it is to use the Internet. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Question 3

Students who are given grades work harder than those who are not. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

Question 4

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?  In my country, young people have better lives than their parents had when they were young.  Use reasons and examples to support your answer.

Bonus: Speaking Samples

Remember that I’ve got a big list of sample speaking answers as well.

Question 5

Movies and television strongly influence the way people behave. Do you agree or disagree? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.

Question 6

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People communicate with each other less than in the past because of the popularity of television. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

Question 7

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? When people succeed, it is entirely because of hard work. Luck has nothing to do with their success. Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.

Question 8

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Nowadays, it is better for children to grow up in the countryside than in a large city. Use specific reasons and examples to develop your essay. 

Question 9

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Human activity is making the earth a worse place to live. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Question 10

In twenty years there will be fewer cars in use than there are today. Do you agree or disagree?

Question 11

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People today spend too much time on personal interests, and not enough time on more serious duties and obligations. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer

Question 12

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? My lifestyle is easier and more comfortable than the one my grandparents experienced when they were young. Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice. Be sure to use your own words. Do not use memorized examples.

Question 13

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Sometimes it is better to be dishonest. Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

Question 14

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Question 15

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?  The knowledge we gain from our personal experiences is more valuable than the knowledge we gain from books.  Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.  Do not use memorized examples.

Question 16

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students do not respect their teachers as much as they did in the past. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Question 17 

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?  Most of the biggest problems in the world will be solved in the next few decades.  Use details and examples to support your answer.

Question 18 (new)

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? “People should keep trying to reach their goals, even if they seem impossible to achieve.” Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position. 

Question 19 (new)

It is beneficial for people to spend some time living in a country where they must speak a foreign language. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.

Question 20 (new)

Friends have more impact on the academic performance of students than their teachers do. Do you agree or disagree?  Use details and examples to support your opinion.

Question 21 (new)

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The government should add taxes to unhealthy foods to improve people’s health. Use details and examples to support your opinion.

Multiple Choice Style TOEFL Essays

This style is also very common.

Question 22

Our neighbors affect our lives in many ways. In your opinion, what type of neighbor is the best to have?

•  someone who is quiet 
•  someone who we are similar to 
•  someone who is supportive 

 Use specific details and examples in your answer.

Question 23

When you face a difficult problem in life, what do you feel is the best way to solve it?

•  asking someone with more experience for advice about the problem 
•  finding information about the problem using the Internet 
•  taking a long time to think about the problem 

 Use specific details and examples in your answer.  Do not use memorized examples. 

Question 24

In general, people are living longer now. Which of the following do you think accounts for this phenomenon?

•  Technological improvements 
•  Changes to education systems 
•  Improvements to our diets 

 Use specific details and examples in your answer.  You may choose more than one cause. 

Question 25

People have a lot of opinions about the value of advanced education.  Which do you think is the most important reason to attend college or university? Use reasons and examples to support your answer.

•  new experiences 
•  career preparation 
•  increased knowledge  

 Use specific details and examples in your answer. 

Question 26

Imagine you could improve the town where you live by changing one important thing about it. Which of the following would you choose to do?

•  Build additional parks 
•  Construct more libraries 
•  Improve public transportation 

 Use specific details and examples in your answer.  Do not use memorized examples. 

Question 27

These days, people enjoy a lot of time away from their work and school obligations. Many people use this time to visit new places and learn about them. What do you think is the best way to learn about a place you are visiting for the first time?

• Going to a museum 
•  Joining a guided tour of popular attractions 
•  Visiting a popular shopping area 
•  Talking to a local resident 
•  Watching a local television station 

 Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Do not use memorized examples. 

Question 28

People in society work in many different settings, and for a variety of reasons.  What do you think is the main reason why people have jobs?

•  to feel happier about their lives 
•  to save money for the future 
•  to develop new skills 

 Use specific examples and details to support your answer. 

Question 29

Everyone wants to be as healthy as possible. Fortunately, in modern society there are many things that people can do to improve their physical condition. What do you think is the best way to stay healthy?

•  Get exercise on a regular basis 
•  Eat healthy food every day 
•  Visit a doctor for regular examinations 

 Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 

Question 30

The people we work with have many different characteristics and all of them affect the quality of our time at work. Of the following, what do you think is the most important quality for a boss or supervisor to have?

• a serious attitude about their work 
• a lot of related experience 
• a tendency to always tell the truth 

 You may choose more than one. Use specific details and examples in your answer. 

Question 31 

All around the world, people are living longer than ever before. Which of the following do you think are the main causes of this phenomenon? You may choose more than one option.

•  The development of new technology 
•  Changes to our eating habits 
•  Improvements to our working conditions 

Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay. Do not use memorized examples.  (version 2)

Question 32

During our careers, we work with many different kinds of people.  All of them have unique characteristics and personality traits. In your opinion, which of the following is the most important characteristic of a coworker?

•  a serious attitude regarding their work obligations 
•  a willingness to learn new things 
•  the ability to make other people laugh 

 You may choose more than one of these options. Use reasons and specific examples to explain your answer. Do not use memorized examples. 

Question 33

If parents want their children to succeed in the future, which of the following things should they teach them?

• How to be honest
• How to be helpful
• How to be patient

Question  34 (new)

When employees feel that the management of their company is doing something wrong, what do you think is the best way for them to respond?

• Talking to the media
• Speaking to the management directly
• Discussing the problem with each other

Question 35 (new)

What do you think is the best way for the government of your country to improve the environment?

• Increase public transportation
• Reduce the construction of new factories
• Build more parks

Preference Style TOEFL Essays

Question 36

Some students prefer to take classes where they frequently interact with their classmates and professor. Other students prefer classes where they just listen to lectures. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Question 37

Some people like to travel with a companion. Other people prefer to travel alone. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

Question 38

Some people think that the government should use extra money to fund programs to improve the environment.  Others think that it is better for the government to spend money to support artistic programs.  Which option do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Question 39

Some people like to spend their money as soon as they earn it, while others think it is better to save their money for some time in the future. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion. Do not use memorized examples.

Question 40

Some people prefer to live in a small town. Others prefer to live in a big city. Which place would you prefer to live in? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

Question 41

Some students prefer to study and do homework alone. Others prefer to study and work on class assignments with a group of fellow students. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Question 42

Some people prefer to eat meals at restaurants, while others prefer to prepare and eat food in their own home. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

Question 43

Some people think the best way to learn new things is to study them alone. Others think that it is always better to get help from a skilled teacher. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons to support your choice.

Question 44 

A large company wants to train its employees to use new techniques. Which is the best way to train the workers?

• Have all of them attend a training program together
• Have some of the employees attend the program and later show their coworkers what they learned

Question 45 (new)

Some people prefer to travel in their own country when they have some time off. Others think that it is better to take a trip to a foreign country. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons to support your choice.

Question 46 (new)

Some people think children should have unlimited access to the internet. Others believe parents should supervise their children’s use of the internet. Which do you believe? 

Imaginary Situation TOEFL Essays

This style is less common.

Question 46

Imagine that the administrators of a university are revising their budget and have decided to change their funding priorities.  As a result, the university will now spend more money on sports and athletic facilities than they do on the campus libraries.  Do you think this is a good idea?  Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.

Question 47

Imagine that it has been announced that a large shopping center will open in your neighborhood and you are being asked your opinion. Would you support or oppose its construction? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

Question 48

It is very important for students to learn as much as possible before their graduation from university.  For this reason, many schools require students to attend all of their classes in person in order to achieve a passing grade.  Do you agree or disagree with this kind of policy?  Use specific reasons and examples to support your argument. 

Question 49

Consider a situation where you are required to learn a challenging new skill. You could learn this skills from someone above you, like a boss or supervisor. Or you could be taught the skills by someone at your own level, like a classmate or colleague.  Which would you prefer?

Question 50

Imagine that you must make an important decision that will have a major impact on the rest of your life. You could make the decision entirely on your own, or ask someone to help you make it.  Which would you choose? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choice.

Question 51

Consider a situation where you are asked by your supervisor to work with one of your coworkers on a project. This coworker has opinions that are very different from yours and they feel very strongly about these opinions. Do you think this is a good idea? Use reasons and examples to support your answer.

Question 52

Imagine that your city government has given permission for a major company to build a large factory near your neighborhood. Do you think this is a good idea? Why or why not? Explain your position using specific reasons and examples.

Question 53

Imagine that you are graduating from high school and have been offered a complete scholarship at a university that is located in another country, far from your friends and family. Would you accept this offer, or would you try to attend a university closer to home?

Bonus

Consider a situation where you are working in a company and are unable to finish an important assignment before a deadline.  What do you think is the best thing to do in this case – submit the assignment before it is completed, or wait until it is finished and submit it after the deadline?

Sample TOEFL Integrated Essays

Essays with the Reading and Lecture

• Colonizing Asteroids (new)
• Protecting Peregrine Falcons (new)
• Paradox of Choice (new)
• The Phoenicians (new)
• Machu Picchu
• Moai of Easter Island

More Integrated Essays

These essays are all based on questions from famous books. I can’t give you the reading and listening, but you might like looking at their structure and organization.

• Television Appearances by University Professors (casting doubt)
• Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet (casting doubt)
• Incan Fortress of Sacsayhuaman (casting doubt)
• Iron Fertilization (solution and problem)
• The Usefulness of Coal (casting doubt)
• Monarch Butterflies (casting doubt)
• Large Animals (casting doubt)
• Wheat and Beer (from Princeton Review)
• Forest Fires (from Princeton Review)
• Endotherms (from “Official Collection”)
• Online Encyclopedias (from “Official Collection”)
• Buying a Franchise (from “Official Collection”)
• Great Houses (from “Official Collection”)
• Smart Cars (from “Official Collection”)
• Eco-Friendly Wood (from “TOEFL Quick Prep”)
• The Chevalier (from “TOEFL Sample Test”)
• Wave Farms (from “Hackers Actual Test”)
• The Anasazi (from “Hackers Actual Test”)
• Trans Lunar Phenomena (from “Hackers Actual Test”)
• Four-day Workweek

Academic Discussion Questions

These “Academic Discussion” questions will appear on the TOEFL iBT starting July 26.  They will replace the “Independent Writing Task.”  Each link below includes a complete sample question and response.

• Economic Growth vs the Environment
• Targeted Advertising
• Social Media
• Grading Students
• Taxing Unhealthy Products
• AI
• Longevity
• University Spending
• City Spending
• Corporate Impact

TOEFL Writing Guides and Templates

• Complete templates for each essay task.
• A detailed master guide to the integrated essay task.
• A detailed master guide to the independent essay task.

• Список файлов
• Последние файлы
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Важной частью письменного задания международных экзаменов по английскому языку – TOEFL и академического IELTS – является написание эссе. Эссе на экзамене по английскому языку IELTS и TOEFL — это не сложно. О том, как правильно написать эссе по английскому, мы уже говорили; но у эссе в рамках TOEFL и IELTS есть своя специфика.

Ниже мы разберём, что представляет собой эссе на экзамене по английскому языку, приведём темы, которые можно ждать на экзаменах IELTS и TOEFL, и дадим пример эссе на английском языке, написанный на одну из тем академического IELTS.

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Экзаменуемые при прохождении IELTS и TOEFL пишут эссе сходного типа, хотя есть и небольшие различия. В частности, нужно не забывать о том, что в IELTS проверяется британский вариант английского, а в TOEFL – американский. Есть разница и в объёме эссе. Для IELTS это, в среднем, 250-300 слов и 4-5 абзацев; эссе на TOEFL может быть короче, особенно если стоит выбор между количеством и качеством.

Чаще всего на обоих экзаменах встречается эссе-мнение, структуру которого можно разделить на четыре части:

1. во вступлении вы своими словами формулируете тему эссе;
2. во второй части высказываете свою позицию по теме и обосновываете её, подкрепляя аргументами и примерами;
3. в третьей части приводите альтернативную точку зрения по теме и опровергаете её;
4. в заключении подводите итог, вновь высказывая свою точку зрения, но уже другими словами.

Помимо эссе-мнения (Opinion Essay), на экзаменах по английскому может встретиться эссе-рассмотрение вопроса (Discussion Essay), эссе-решение проблемы (Solution Essay), эссе-ответ на прямые вопросы (Direct Questions Essay) и эссе о преимуществах и недостатках (Advantage/Disadvantage Essay).

Эссе-решение проблемы и эссе о преимуществах и недостатках (эссе «за и против») мы уже рассматривали в предыдущих статьях — «Как писать эссе ‘за и против’» и «Пример эссе ‘за и против’ на английском«.

Что касается Discussion Essay, их можно легко определить по формулировке задания, в которой будет сказано либо “Discuss both sides”, либо “Discuss both sides and give your opinion”. В таких заданиях уже даны обе возможные позиции по вопросу, и вам нужно привести аргументы в пользу каждой из них. Своё мнение можно высказать и обосновать в отдельном абзаце, но делать это следует, только если того требует задание.

В эссе-ответе на прямые вопросы (Direct Questions Essay) обычно задаётся два и больше вопроса, по каждому из которых нужно дать ответ в отдельном абзаце. Основная часть эссе не должна состоять более чем из трёх абзацев и не должна быть меньше двух. Ответ на каждый из вопросов должен состоять из одного или двух пунктов.

Следует также отметить ещё одну особенность эссе для IELTS. Вопреки широко распространённой рекомендации, в таком эссе не следует злоупотреблять фразами-клише, особенно если они состоят из нескольких слов и более. Такие фразы экзаменаторы распознают как “memorised”, «запомненные целиком», и оценивают ниже, чем естественные обороты, показывающие, что человек способен сознательно оперировать языком и правильно сочетать слова в соответствии с сиюминутными нуждами.

Темы эссе на экзамене TOEFL и IELTS

Задания на экзамены TOEFL и IELTS меняются от года к году, но даже если формулировки отличаются, темы эссе остаются прежними, и они в целом сходны для обоих экзаменов по английскому языку.

Темы эссе делятся на 19 основных категорий: искусство, бизнес и деньги, общение и личность, преступление и наказание, экономика и хозяйственная деятельность, образование, окружающая среда, семья и дети, еда, здоровье, языки, средства массовой информации и реклама, чтение, технологии, транспорт, путешествия, общество, спорт, работа. Эти темы, в свою очередь, подразделяются на более узкие подтемы.

Например, в категории «языки» могут быть следующие подтемы:

• единый язык для всего мира;
• способы изучения иностранного языка;
• язык и путешествия;
• исчезновение языков;
• связь языка и культуры.

В качестве примера тем эссе по английскому из других категорий можно привести следующие:

• цензура произведений искусства и их авторов;
• общение лицом к лицу и общение на расстоянии;
• смертная казнь и другие способы наказания преступников;
• глобализация в экономике;
• школьная униформа;
• зоопарки;
• размер семьи;
• диеты;
• связь здоровья и образования;
• дети и реклама;
• бумажные книги и электронные книги;
• безопасность личной информации в Интернете;
• сравнение различных видов транспорта;
• путешествия и понимание людей;
• различия в образе жизни современных людей;
• мужчины и женщины в спорте;
• посменная работа.

Пример эссе на экзамене по английскому языку IELTS и TOEFL

Ниже вы найдёте пример эссе разновидности Advantages/Disadvantages в рамках экзаменационного задания IELTS по письменному английскому языку.

Следует отметить, что такое эссе отличается от стандартного «за и против» тем, что вы выражаете свою позицию по вопросу сразу, а не в заключении эссе, что делает его похожим скорее на эссе-мнение. Помимо этого, для стройности композиции вы можете сперва рассказать о том, что менее весомо (вне зависимости от того, достоинства это или недостатки), и уже во второй части эссе перейти к тому, что, по вашему мнению, перевешивает.

Тема эссе – электронные книги. Жирным я выделила полезные обороты, которые стоит использовать в эссе для выражения своего мнения. Больше таких оборотов вы найдёте в статье «Полезные фразы для эссе«, но помните, что злоупотреблять ими не стоит.

In recent years, more and more people start to prefer e-books to paper books. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?

Technological progress has improved many aspects of human life, and everyday activities such as reading are no exception. With invention of e-books, people got a new way to experience fictional worlds and to obtain information they need. I strongly believe that the advantages of e-books far outweigh their disadvantages.

Speaking about the disadvantages of reading texts from a screen, I would like to stress that some of them are a matter of taste. There are people who do not feel that a digital book is something “real”, because, after buying it, they do not get an object that can be felt and enjoyed aesthetically, and it makes the purchase unsatisfactory to them.

Two other reasons to prefer paper books are the piracy issues and the fact that e-book can be poorly edited. It is much easier to distribute text illegally in its digital form, which is detrimental to authors and publishers. It is also true that a number of mistakes can be made during the process of digitalising, and the resulting digital copy often retains them.

The advantages of e-books are more numerous. Firstly, it is possible to adjust a text to your liking, changing the size and colour of its letters. Secondly, phones and e-readers are usually more compact than paper books, which is very convenient. Moreover, you can store thousands of e-books on your device and be free to choose any of them at any time and place. Other important point is that they are your only option, when you are unable to find your desired book in its paper form.

Of course, there is nothing wrong with preferring paper books. However, I consider the advantages of e-books to be more objective and impactful, and I regard e-books as much better suited to the needs of a modern person.